1. Sexually Transimitted Diseases

2. Gonorrhea Cause bacteria (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) Mode of transfer
Primary infection site is in cervix from intercourse
Can travel to blood stream to infect major organs (eyes, mouth, heart, liver, reproductive organs)
Incidence – see next slide
Symptoms
Male – asymptomatic, painful urination, discharge
Female – asymptomatic, painful urination, discharge, fever, pelvic pain
Complications
sterility, ectopic pregnancy, predisposed to UTIs, major organs affected, vision loss in newborn, PID in women, facilitates transmission of HIV
Treatment
cured with antibiotics (high antibiotic resistance)

4. Gonorrhea

5. Chlamydia Cause bacteria (Chlamydia trachomatis) Mode of transfer
contracted through intimate touching, genital-to-genital contact, vaginal sex, anal sex, child birth
can be spread to different parts of one’s own body with contaminated fingers.
Non-treated swimming pools
Incidence
Leading reportable bacterial infection in US
See next slide
Symptoms
Male – thin, gray-white penile discharge; painful testes
Female – vaginal discharge and bleeding; abdominal pain
Complications
Infertility, ectopic pregnancy, PID, facilitates transmission of HIV, pregnant women infected with chlamydia can pass the infection to their infants during delivery, potentially resulting in neonatal ophthalmia and pneumonia
Treatment
antibiotic

7. Chlamydia

8. Syphillis Cause bacteria Treponema pallidum Mode of transfer
Sexual intercourse, kissing
Enter body via microscopic abrasions or mucous membranes (genitalia, rectum, mouth)
Spreads through bloodstream
Incidence – see next slide
Symptoms
Primary infection – chancre appears (lasts 2-6 weeks)
Secondary – rash develops; fetus infected (miscarriage or congenital syphillis)
Tertiary – large vessels damaged, neuronal damage leading to insanity
Complications
Miscarriage, insanity, , facilitates transmission of HIV
Treatment
antibiotic (Penicillan)

10. Effects of Syphilis
                                                                                          
                                                                                                                             

11. Genital Herpes Cause HSV 1 (Herpes Simplex Virus 1): cold sore
HSV 2 (Herpes Simplex Virus 2): STD
Mode of transfer
Sexual transmission, oral-genital contact
Transmission greatest at beginning of active stage
Can transmit when inactive
Symptoms
itching, burning pain at infection site; tiny red blisters that rupture causing ulcer
Complications
Increases risks of contractracting HIV; If mother has primary infection during birth, can cause fetal death
Treatment
No cure, but medication to treat symptoms and decrease transmission risk

12. Herpes

13. HPV Cause Human Papilloma Virus 40 different strains Mode of transfer
Sexual intercourse, oral-genital and genital-genital
Symptoms
Asymptomatic
Immune system can get rid of HPV within 2 years, but not a definite
Some strains cause genital warts
Complications
Some strains can develop into cervical cancer after years
Incidence
Most common STD
Occurs in 50% of sexually active individuals
Treatment
Detected with annual papsmear
No test for males
Vaccine – only against strains that cause cancer

14. Genital Warts
                                                                                                                                     

15. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Cause
virus
Mode of transfer
sexual contact -- including oral, vaginal, and anal sex
blood -- through blood transfusions, accidental needlesticks, or needle sharing
mother to child -- a pregnant woman can transmit the virus to her fetus through their shared blood circulation, or a nursing mother can pass it to her baby in her breast milk
Symptoms
may not have any symptoms for up to 10 years, but they can still pass the infection to others. After you come in contact with the virus, it can take up to 3 months for a blood test to show that you have HIV.
Complications
Cancers, weight loss, dementia, Opportunistic infections
Treatment
Drug cocktail

16. Trichomoniasis Caused by parasite Genital area only
Female: itching, odor, burning, swelling, discharge
Male: itching, burning, discharge
Treat with antibiotic

17. Bacterial Vaginosis overgrowth of harmful bacteria in vagina
sometimes accompanied by discharge, odor, pain, itching, or burning
Treat with antibiotics
most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age
BV can increase a woman's susceptibility to other STDs
increased risk
Having a new sex partner or multiple sex partners
Douching
not clear what role sexual activity plays
Women do not get BV from toilet seats, bedding, swimming pools, or from touching objects around them.
Women who have never had sexual intercourse may also be affected.