1. MRWA Annual Meeting Bangor, Maine
USEPA Regulatory Update
Maureen R. McClelland
December 10, 2014
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Overview
Regulatory Process
Proposed Regulatory Determinations
UCMR 3
Legionella
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

3. Generalized Flow of Regulatory Processes
Draft CCL
Public review and comment
Preliminary Regulatory Determinations
Final CCL
Final Regulatory Determinations
Proposed Rule (NPDWR)
Draft UCMR
Final UCMR
Final Rule (NPDWR)
Six Year Review of Existing NPDWRs
No further action if make decision to not to regulate (may develop health advisory).
UCMR Monitoring Results

4. Statutory Requirements and the Drinking Water Regulatory Process (1996 SDWA Amendments*)
Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) – SDWA requires EPA to develop a list of contaminants that are known or anticipated to occur in drinking water and to publish the list every five years.
Regulatory Determination – EPA must decide whether or not to regulate at least five CCL contaminants with a national primary drinking water regulation (NPDWR) after evaluating criteria specified under the 1996 SDWA; Publish determinations on a five year cycle.
Regulation Development - If EPA decides to regulate a contaminant, the Agency has 24 months to propose and 18 months to finalize the health goal and the NPDWR.
*SDWA Section 1412(b)(1)

5. Interal Deliberative - Do Not Distribute
Three Regulatory Determination Criteria Specified under the 1996 amendments to SDWA*
SDWA requires EPA to publish a MCLG and promulgate an NPDWR for a contaminant if the Administrator determines that -
2) The contaminant is known to occur or there is substantial likelihood that the contaminant will occur in public water systems with a frequency and at levels of public health concern; and
1) The contaminant may have an adverse effect on the health of persons;
3) In the sole judgment of the Administrator, regulation of such contaminant presents a meaningful opportunity for health risk reduction for persons served by public water systems.
*SDWA Section 1412(b)(1) 5 5 5 5

6. CCL 3 Proposed Regulatory Determinations
Published in FR. October 20, 2014.
Agency is making a preliminary determination to regulate Strontium and
To Not Regulate four other contaminants:
1,3, dinitrobenzene, dimethoate, terbufos and terbufos sulfone
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Strontium
Primary target of strontium exposure is the bone.
Infants, children and adolescents are of particular concern as a sensitive population.
Criteria #1, must have an adverse effect on the health of persons.
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

8. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Occurrence
National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey
99% with detectable concentrations
7% > 1500 ug/L
14% > 750 ug/l
National Ambient Water Quality of Public Supply Wells Study
100% had detects
12% > 1500 ug/l
25% > 750 ug/l
Criteria #2 known to occur or there is a substantial likelihood of occurrence with a frequency and at levels at levels of public health concern.
Collected water samples form untreated groundwater public supply wells in 41 states.
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

9. Meaningful Opportunity for Health Risk Reduction
Based on exposed population
Potential impacts on sensitive populations and
Estimated exposure from other sources.
EPA has determined that there is a meaningful opportunity to regulate strontium in drinking water to reduce the public’s overall exposure after evaluating
the available exposure data from media other than water . Although strontium is known to occur in food, air, and soil, data on levels in these media are limited therefore EPA used the defalult 20% RSC to calculate the HRL
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

10. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Next Steps
Additional monitoring results from UCMR3 will assist EPA in making the final regulatory determination
More extensive field testing of treatment technologies to assess the effectiveness of Strontium removal in PWS prior to promulgating a NPDWR
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

11. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule
UCMR3
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

12. UCMR 3 Final rule – April 16, 2012 28 chemicals and 2 viruses
Monitoring cycle
Sampling started in 2013 (January 2013)--- for all systems >10,000 and a representative sample of ~800 systems <10,000 of which EPA will assist with.
As proposed, UCMR 3 would require monitoring for 30 contaminants using EPA and/or consensus organization analytical methods during Together EPA, States, laboratories and public water systems (PWSs) would participate in UCMR 3.

13. UCMR3 7 Hormones 9 VOCs 1 SOC 4 Metals Oxyhalide Anion
6 Perfluorinated chemicals
Assessment monitoring – List 1 21 contaminants
Screening Survey List 2 – all PWS serving more than 100,00 a representative sample of 320 Large PWS serving 10,001 to 100,000 people and a representative sample of 480 PWSs serving 10,000 or fewer will monitor for 7 chemicals during a 12 month period from
Pre Screen List 3 A representative sample of 800 small un-disinfected ground water PWSs serving 1,000 or fewer will participate in monitoring for two viruses (i.e. enteroviruses and norovirus) and related pathogen indicators. The virus monitoring will take place in sensitive hydrogeological areas (e.g. karst or fractured bedrock

14. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
UCMR 3 Changes
Established that selected transient systems are subject to UCMR monitoring requirements.
Required that a selected group of 800 PWSs serving 1,000 or fewer individuals monitor for enterovirus and norovirus.
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

15. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Legionella
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

16. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Legionella
Water is the major natural environment for legionella, and the bacteria are found worldwide in many different natural and artificial environments.
.gram negative, rod shaped bacteria, at least 50 species the most common being L. pneumophiia.
People get Legionnaires' disease when they breathe in a mist or vapor (small droplets of water in the air) containing the bacteria. One example might be from breathing in droplets sprayed from a hot tub that has not been properly cleaned and disinfected
Between 8,000 to 18,000 people are hospitalized with Legionnaire’s disease each year in the U.S.
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

17. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
The bacterium got its name after a 1976 outbreak, when many people who went to a Philadelphia convention of the American Legion suffered from this disease, a type of pneumonia (lung infection). Although this type of bacterium was around before 1976, more illness from Legionnaires' disease is being detected now
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

18. Legionella Guidance Document
Jan 2014 – EPA formed a Multi-Agency Task Force to assist with development of the document
- EPA, CDC, States (NV, PA, MN, WA, NY, OH, MD)
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

19. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Purpose
Characterize the current body of knowledge regarding the use and effectiveness of available technologies for the treatment and control of Legionella
Provide an overview of the regulatory implications related to the technologies.
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

20. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Audience
States and primacy agencies,
Affected facilities and
System operators
in their decision making regarding measures to control for Legionella in building water systems
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

21. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Scope
Ecology, physiology, occurrence and other topics relevant to the bacterial contaminant
Discuss the difference of premise plumbing and a public water system
Provide information on the current knowledge of drinking water treatment technologies available for the prevention and remediation
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

22. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Scope
Characterization of the effectiveness of different treatment technologies and approaches against Legionella, associated water quality issues, recommended operational conditions and regulatory implications.
Anticipated Release – Spring 2015
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

23. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Websites
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

24. Merry Christmas One and All !!!
9/21/2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency