1. Unit I: Revolution Means Change!
The Colonies Come of Age- Enlightenment, Great Awakening, and the French and Indian War

2. The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement in which philosophers valued reason and scientific methods
Started in Europe (Renaissance)
Looked beyond religion for answers
Careful observation and rational thought
Earth revolves around the sun
Earth is governed by fixed mathematical laws, not just the will of God
Resisted by many religious institutions

3. The Enlightenment Spread to the United States
Ben Franklin- experimentation and reason
Spreads through books and pamphlets
Puritans supported literacy- backfires on them
Impacts political thought
Thomas Jefferson- man is born with certain rights
Many Americans begin to question the authority of the British monarchy

4. The Great Awakening
By the early 1700s, the Puritans had lost some of their influence
Required to practice religious tolerance
Could no longer limit voting privileges
Some Puritans enjoyed indulging their tastes
The Great Awakening was an attempt in restoring the intensity and dedication of the early Puritan church

5. The Great Awakening
Some preachers preached that people must do more than come to church (you needed to fear God)
Restored some people’s faith, but challenged established churches
Traveling preachers
New denominations take membership from established churches
People began questioning religious authorities

6. The French and Indian War
Both the French and British were expanding in North America
Come into conflict with each other
Wars started in Europe come over to the colonies, but inconclusive
French settlers
More interested in exploiting land than settling on it
Need Native Americans in fur trade- develop good relationships

7. French and Indian War
1754- French build Fort Duquesne in the Ohio River Valley
Land had already been given to planters by the Virginia government
Virginia sends militia to evict the French, war breaks out
French crush the Virginia militia, including their commander, a 22 year old George Washington

8. French and Indian War
1755- British General Braddock (with Washington as an aide) attack Fort Duquesne again
Get ambushed by French and Native American forces
British soldiers turn and run
Weakness of the British Army surprises Washington
Washington brave (two horses shot out from him, four shots through his coat)
He and other colonists begin to question the competency of the British Army

9. French and Indian War
1757- Under William Pitt, the British begin winning and align with the Iroquois
1759- British climb the walls around Quebec and defeat the French in a surprise attack
1763- War officially ends with the Treaty of Paris

10. French and Indian War
Britain claims Canada and all of North America east of the Mississippi
Britain takes Florida from Spain (French ally)
Spain does get to keep some land (including New Orleans)
Native Americans resent the growing British influence
Proclamation of No American settlement west of the Appalachians (ignored by the colonists)

11. French and Indian War Effect on the Americans
First time the colonies are united
Begin to question British military dominance and authority
Britain is deeply in debt, which means they are looking to raise taxes on the colonies