1. The European Conquest of the Americas
By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Edited & Adapted by R. Kolodinski - Glendale HS Glendale, CA

2. Renaissance Trade Who controlled trade in Renaissance Europe?
Which cities appear to have key locations?
Which group controlled the Middle East, North Africa,& Spain?
Middle East

3. The Portuguese Henry the Navigator
Portuguese expansion >> Ceuta in Africa
Navigation School >> caravel, cartography
Funds voyages of Exploration
Caravel = cargo!

4. Unified Spain
Ferdinand of Aragon married Isabella of Castile to create unified Spain
Drive out Moors / Jews 1492
Spanish Inquisition vs. “Heretics”

5. [ ] Cristobal Colon

6. Columbus’ Four Voyages

7. Treaty of Tordesillas Spain vs. Portugal – Christian nations?
Pope Alexander VI
Mediates
Line of Demarcation
Re-Negotiates
War Avoided
Impact?

8. Ferdinand Magellan & the First Circumnavigation of the World: 1520s

9. European Explorations Looking for “El Dorado” & NW Passage
Why can’t we get over here?
On to China
Looking for “El Dorado” & NW Passage

10. The First Spanish Conquests: The Aztecs
vs.
Fernando Cortes
Montezuma II

11. The Death of Montezuma II

12. Mexico Surrenders to Cortes after Siege of Tenochtitlan

13. Tenochtitlan: Amazing!

14. The Spanish Conquest of The Incas
vs.
Francisco Pizarro
Atahualpa

15. Why would the 'Columbian Exchange' be considered the tsunami of
unintentional
"bio-terrorism"??
Docs. 1- 4

16. The “Columbian Exchange”
Squash
Avocado
Peppers
Sweet Potatoes
Turkey
Pumpkin
Tobacco
Quinine
Cocoa
Pineapple
Cassava
POTATO
Peanut
TOMATO
Vanilla
MAIZE
Syphilis
Trinkets
Liquor
GUNS
Olive
COFFEE BEAN
Banana
Rice
Onion
Turnip
Honeybee
Barley
Grape
Peach
SUGAR CANE
Oats
Citrus Fruits
Pear
Wheat
HORSE
Cattle
Sheep
Pigs
Smallpox
Flu
Typhus
Measles
Malaria
Diphtheria
Whooping Cough

17. Cycle of Conquest & Colonization Official European Colony!
Explorers
Conquistadores
Official European Colony!
Missionaries
Permanent Settlers

18. Spanish Empire
New Spain
New Granada
Peru
La Plata

19. Mercantilism
The economy & trade are essential to the health & safety of the nation.
Get as much gold and silver as you can… world has only a finite amount of wealth
Establish a favorable balance of trade… Exports > Imports
Get colonies = Supply & Market

20. Colonial Treasures from the Americas!

21. Spanish Colonial Class System
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizos
Mulattos
Native Indians
Black Slaves

22. The Influence of the Colonial Catholic Church Guadalajara Cathedral
Our Lady of Guadalupe
Guadalajara Cathedral
Spanish Mission

23. Father Bartolome de Las Casas
Conquest unnecessary for Conversion
Exposed brutality
Black Legend emerges
New Laws 1500s

24. How did all this impact Europe?
Increased European competition
New Technology & discovery
First global power > Spain
Mercantilism >> Inflation
Capitalism grows >> middle class grows
Christianity & Columbian Exchange

25. Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

26. Slave Ship

27. “Coffin” Position Below Deck

28. African Captives Thrown Overboard

29. Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar Mill

30. Sacrifice of the First-Born by Theodore de Bry

31. European Empires in the Americas