1. Where did your dinner come from?
Across the top of a sheet of paper, list the different types of foods you ate for dinner last night.
Under each item, write the name of the plant, animal, or other organism that was the source of that food. Some foods have more than one source.

2. Ecosystems and Biomes

3. Ecosystems and Biomes
Three energy roles?
Producers
Consumers
Decomposers

4. Ecosystems and Biomes 4. What’s the difference?
Herbivores eat only plants
Carnivores eat only animals
Omnivores eat both plants and animals
Scavengers feed on the bodies of dead organisms

5. Ecosystems and Biomes Food chain?
Movement of energy through an ecosystem
Begins with producers
Food chain is specific

6. Ecosystems and Biomes Food web:
Movement of energy through an ecosystem
Many overlapping food chains

7. Ecosystems and Biomes
8. Energy Pyramid? It shows how energy decreases at higher levels of a food web

8. Ecosystems and Biomes Eating the Sun?
Producers (autotrophs) convert the sun’s energy
You either eat the producers
Or you eat the animals that eat the producers

9. Ecosystems and Biomes 19. Mountain climate change?
At the base it is warm and dry
At the top it is cold and windy

10. Ecosystems and Biomes 24. Desert climate conditions?
Usually hot/dry during the day
Cooler at night
Receiving less than 25 cm of rain per year

11. 25. Savannas vs. Prairies?
Prairie: A grassland that receives more rain than a desert, but not enough to grow trees

12. 25. Savannas vs. Prairies?
Savanna: A grassland that receives more rain than prairies with scattered shrubs and small trees

13. Ecosystems and Biomes 26. Deciduous forests?
Receives less rainfall than rain forests
Temperatures vary by season
Trees shed their leaves

14. Ecosystems and Biomes
28. Permafrost? Soil that is frozen all year long

15. 29. Arctic Tundra vs. Alpine Tundra
Arctic Tundra: The extremely cold, dry part of the arctic

16. 29. Arctic Tundra vs. Alpine Tundra
Alpine Tundra: The icy, windy tops of mountains

17. Ecosystems and Biomes
30. Freshwater ecosystem? Freshwater ecosystems include streams, rivers, ponds, and lakes Marine ecosystems are salt-water and part of the ocean

18. Ecosystems and Biomes
31. Estuary: Where fresh river water meets the ocean’s salt water

19. Ecosystems and Biomes 31. Intertidal Zone:
On the shore, between the highest tide line and the lowest tide line
See page 738

20. Ecosystems and Biomes
How Humans affect ecosystems

23. The Carbon and Oxygen Cycles
- Cycles of Matter
The Carbon and Oxygen Cycles
In ecosystems, the processes by which carbon and oxygen are recycled are linked. Producers, consumers, and decomposers play roles in recycling carbon and oxygen.

24. - Cycles of Matter
The Water Cycle
The processes of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation make up the water cycle.

26. - Cycles of Matter
The Nitrogen Cycle
In the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen moves from the air to the soil, into living things, and back into the air.

28. - Biogeography
Limits to Dispersal
The typical weather pattern in an area over a long period of time is the area’s climate.

30. Comparing and Contrasting
- Biomes
Comparing and Contrasting
As you read, compare and contrast the different biomes by completing a table like the one below.
Tropical Rain Forest
Temperate Rain Forest
Character-istic
Deciduous Forest
Boreal Forest
Tundra
Desert
Grassland
Cool winters, warm in summer
Usually hot with great daily extremes
Temps vary throughout the year
Warm in summer, cold in winter
Warm to cool in summer, cold in winter
Tempera-ture
Warm all year
Cold all year
Mostly dry with a wet season
Abundant rain and snow
Precipit-ation
Rather wet all year
Moderate rainfall
Wet all year
Dry all year
Dry all year
Typical organisms
Gamble’s quail
Orangutan
Mosses
Mule deer
Grasses
Red fox
Lynx

32. - Aquatic Ecosystems
Marine Ecosystems
The ocean is home to a number of different ecosystems. Factors such as water temperature and the amount of sunlight determine what types of organisms can live in each zone.

34. Ecosystems and Biomes Forest fires?
During fires, lots of CO2 are released into the air
Fire leaves fewer trees to absorb the CO2
Too much CO2 warms the atmosphere

35. Ecosystems and Biomes How humans affect cycles.
Burning fuel and clearing forested land raises CO2
Lowers oxygen levels in the air