1. Why are different places similar?
Key Issue Three
Johannesburg, South Africa
Why are different places similar?
Shanghai, China

2. ARITHMETIC DENSITY
The total number of objects or people in an area. (If measuring people, would take # of people and divide by area)
A large population does not necessarily mean a high arithmetic density. China is most populous (1.3 billion people, but 140/sq.km) vs. The Netherlands which has a small amount of people ( 16 million, but 400/sq.km)
Low arithmetic density = a lot of land per person
High arithmetic density = little land per person

3. PHYSIOLOGICAL DENSITY
Number of people per unit area of arable land, (land suitable for agriculture).
Higher density, more difficulty the country has feeding its people.
Why is this an indicator of development?
Low physiological density = a lot of farmland per person
High physiological density = little farmland per person

4. AGRICULTURAL DENSITY Number of farmers per unit of arable farmland.
Low number of farmers? What could this mean?
High number of farmers? What could this mean?
Low agricultural density = few farmers per farmland
High agricultural density = many famers per farmland

5. Compare them!
The densities get more specific as you go! Arithmetic density = ________ per _______ land. Physiological density = ________ per _______ land. Agricultural density = ________ per _______ land.

6. Pattern: The geometric arrangement of objects in spaces/regions.
Patterns of MLB teams change as population changes/ spreads.
In first picture they are in a concentrated pattern.
In second picture they are in a dispersed pattern.

7. CONCENTRATION If features are close, they are clustered.
If features are farther apart, they are dispersed.

8. Concentration is NOT the same as density
Concentration is NOT the same as density. Two neighborhoods can have the same density, but in different concentrations.
Picture A= 24 houses
Picture B= 32 houses
Picture C= 32 houses
All pictures have the same amount of land. Picture A has a lower density than B (24 houses vs. 32), but they both have dispersed patterns.
Picture C is the only one with a high concentration but has the same density as picture B because they both have 32 houses. A B C

9. Hearth= place where innovation or idea orginates.
Diffusion
Process by which connections are made between places/ regions.
Hearth= place where innovation or idea orginates.

10. TYPES DIFFUSION STATION ACTIVITY!!!! YAAAAYYYY!!!!!

11. RELOCATION DIFFUSION
Spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another.

12. EXPANSION DIFFUSION
Spread of an idea or feature by a snowballing process.
Can be:
Hierarchical Diffusion: to spread by authority/power.
Contagious Diffusion: rapid, widespread diffusion throughout a population without relocation… is contagious.
Stimulus Diffusion: spark that starts something… spread of a principle even if actual characteristic fails to catch on.

13. Diffusion of culture and economy has not been equal… this is known as uneven development.
Three core Hearth Regions
United States
Western Europe
Japan
Those less developed countries in the periphery.
Ethiopia
Pakistan
Haiti
IN CONTRAST TO