1. The first certified Passive House in Norway
Michael Klinski, Lars K. Halleraker Husbanken Region Øst
12th International Conference On Passive Houses 2008

2. Increased engagement in Low energy and Passive houses in Norway
Completed:
Two-family house, Oslo 2005
Detached house and 7 terraced houses, Tromsø 2005/07
Detached house, Skien 2006

3. Under construction:
28 flats in multi-story blocks, Bergen
and some other projects,
but none are certified or designed according to the PHPP

4. Different definitions and standard values
Low energy residential building: not more than 100 kWh/m²a total net energy demand
Related to climatic conditions in Oslo
Includes all dwelling electricity
Indicates space heating demand about 30 kWh/m²a
Domestic hot water: 30 kWh/m²a (standard)
Lighting and technical equipment: 40 kWh/m²a
Internal heat gains: 6.8 W/m²
Passive house: under discussion

5. Energy in residential buildings in Norway
Average dwelling unit: 214 kWh/m²a total end energy consumption (mostly hydroelectricity)
National building code TEK 1997: kWh/m²a space heating demand
TEK from august 2009: kWh/m²a total net energy demand, kWh/m²a space heating demand indicated
Low electricity prices > high consumption!

6. Mild coast and cold inland
Oslo/ Sørumsand

7. The Passive house NorONE
Owner: Harald Ringstad, electrical engineer
Ambitions:
Certification by PHI
Self-sustained with energy over the year
Conditions:
Sørumsand, community east of Oslo
Yearly mean ambient temperature 6.2 °C
Winter design temperature – 20 °C
Global horizontal solar radiation 970 kWh/m²a

8. Design and construction:
Dipl.-Ing. Stephan Blohm, passivbau°, Kaltenkirchen (including calculations and call for tenders)
Architect Toril Grønvold (advice for adaptation to site, built environment and universal design, no details)
Advice: Building research institute SINTEF Byggforsk
Elements: Holzbau Brüggemann, Neuenkirchen
Other components: Norwegian and Swedish
Grants and workshops: The Norwegian state housing bank Husbanken
Outline by Toril Grønvold
As built after adaptation by Harald Ringstad himself (balconies outstanding)

9. Large, compact detached house
Total floor area 340 m², including 80 m² flat to let in the basement
Form factor 0.65
Universal design, suitable for wheelchairs
Main façade directly south-facing
Windows 14.4 % of floor area
Mostly south and west, only 2.4 m² north-facing
Asymmetrical saddleback roof allows south-faced windows in the attic

10. Basement walls: expended clay elements with additional insulation

11. Other walls and roof: prefabricated wooden elements with cellulose insulation (wall 2 layers)

12. U-values [W/m²K] (Thermal bridges negative)
Slab on ground: 0.08
External walls basement 0.13
External walls otherwise 0.10
Roof:
Windows
External doors 0.75
Wood fibreboards 35 mm
Cellulose insulation mm
OSB 15 mm
Cellulose insulation mm
Wall/window

13. Technical equipment
Ventilation system with 80 % heat recovery, preheating via
ground coupled heat exchanger
Grey water heat exchanger
Vacuum tube solar collectors
Air-to-water heat pump
Auxiliary electric heating
Water based floor heating
Wood-burning stove
37 m² PV-panel (?)
Monitoring system
Low energy lighting and A-labelled household appliances

14. PHPP-calculations and air leakage test
Space heating demand 14 kWh/m²a
Space heating load 9.7 W/m²a
Total primary energy demand 85 kWh/m²a (based on German factor 2.7)
Result blower door test: h-1
Certification: some product documentation is still missing

15. Critical discussion Complex system
SINTEF Byggforsk: Too many components to be cost-efficient
Heat pump in addition to grey water heat exchanger and solar collectors costs more than it saves (remaining heat demand very low)
Stove not needed, but nearly a must in Norway
Nevertheless: the owner gets subsidies for these components…

16. The first weeks in the Passive house
Some equipment and monitoring system delayed
- 14 °C: no problem to warm up only by using the stove
Floor heating + stove: too hot
Noticeable solar gains
Good air quality

17. Lack of subsidies for solar cells
Husbanken promised Euros, ca. 50 %
Harald Ringstad didn't find additionally sponsors
PV often used for cottages
Good output, but no subsidies
Today uncertain, if a PV-panel can be installed

18. Conclusions for Passive houses in Norway
Passive houses in the Oslo region:
design concept as in central Europe
acceptable insulation thickness
Restrictions for detached houses:
Very compact
Not too large windows
Some more insulation

19. Solar input comparable with northern Germany, climatic conditions better than in Helsinki
Solar radiation (kWh/m²a) on different façades. Reference: passivbau° Stephan Blohm

20. Crucial to develop PH-concepts concerning
Most Norwegian people live in regions where Passive houses can be built
Crucial to develop PH-concepts concerning
smaller detached houses for
“normal” owners without extra- ordinary ambitions or know how

21. Web-references www.norone.info www.passivbau.net www.husbanken.no