1. AGENDA for 01/23/14 AGENDA: OBJECTIVES: HOMEWORK: Due Fri, 01-24
Intro to Unit 3: Sickle Cell Disease
3.1.1: Blood Detectives
Microscope Lab
Runts Activity
Unit 2 Review
OBJECTIVES:
Explain the function of each of the major components of blood
Perform a hemocrit
Define anemia
Compare normal vs. sickle-shaped red blood cells
HOMEWORK:
Due Fri, 01-24
Unit 2 Study Guide
Due Mon, 01-27
3.1.1 Activity Packet
3.1.1 Career Journals
Unit 2 Exam tomorrow, Fri, 01-24

2. 3.1 Key Terms
Anemia
A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume.
Blood Plasma
The pale yellow fluid portion of whole blood that consists of water and its dissolved constituents including, sugars, lipids, metabolic waste products, amino acids, hormones, and vitamins.
Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)
Any of the hemoglobin-containing cells that carry oxygen to the tissues and are responsible for the red color of vertebrate blood.
Hematocrit
The percent of the volume of whole blood that is composed of red blood cells as determined by separation of red blood cells from the plasma usually by centrifugation.
Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)
Any of the blood cells that are colorless, lack hemoglobin, contain a nucleus, and include the lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
Sickle Cell Disease
Individuals who are homozygous for the gene controlling hemoglobin S. The disease is characterized by the destruction of red blood cells and by episodic blocking of blood vessels by the adherence of sickle cells to the vascular endothelium.
Thrombocytes (Platelets)
A minute colorless anucleate disklike body of mammalian blood that assists in blood clotting by adhering to other platelets and to damaged epithelium.

3. Essential Questions for 3.1.1
What is sickle cell disease?
Why does the sickling of red blood cells cause health problems?
What is sickle cell anemia?
How is anemia diagnosed?

4. Notes: Blood Name of PowerPoint Name of Course Name of Lesson
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

5. Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
Blood – Did You Know…
An average adult has approximately 4.7 L (5 quarts) of blood.
Blood comprises about 8% of a person’s total body weight.
Blood travels 60,000 mi (96,540 Km) per day in your body.
15 million blood cells die every day and have to be replaced.
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

6. What is the Composition of Blood?
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
What is the Composition of Blood?
Blood is about 78% liquid and 22% solids
Four Major Components of Blood
Plasma
Red Blood Cells (RBC)
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Platelets
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

7. Blood Plasma—The Liquid of Life
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
Blood Plasma—The Liquid of Life
Composition:
90% water
Ionic salts (electrolytes)
Soluble proteins
Functions:
Helps maintain homeostatic balance
Allows for the correct function of muscles and nerves
Transports soluble substances
Carries factors needed for blood clotting
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

8. Plasma Transports: Nutrients Electrolytes Hormones Antibodies
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
Plasma Transports:
Nutrients
Electrolytes
Hormones
Antibodies
Clotting factors
Metabolic wastes
Dissolved Gases: oxygen and carbon dioxide
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

9. In your NB, define the following:
Component:
Function:
Plasma
Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
Platelets (Thrombocytes)

10. Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
Most abundant blood cell
5.2 billion RBC per mL of blood
Mature cells lack a nucleus
Average Lifespan: 120 Days
Used with permission of Brian Garrigan
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

11. Red Blood Cell Facts Can be frozen for ten years
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
Red Blood Cell Facts
Can be frozen for ten years
Hemoglobin makes up 33% of cell mass
Primary function is to transport oxygen
Help remove carbon dioxide
Produced in bone marrow
Travel single file through capillaries
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

12. White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
Types
Monocyte
Neutrophil
Lymphocyte
Basophil
Eosinophil
See Pictures of These Cells
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

13. White Blood Cell Facts Largest of the blood cells
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
White Blood Cell Facts
Largest of the blood cells
Normally 5000 to 10,000 WBC per mL blood
Variable life span – from a few days to years
Produced in bone marrow
Part of the immune system
Increase in number when infection or inflammation is present
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

14. White Blood Cells—Functions
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
White Blood Cells—Functions
Monocytes and Neutrophils:
Destroy bacteria and other foreign materials
Signal other immune cells that foreign material is inside body
Lymphocytes:
Destroy abnormal cells
Produce antibodies
Moderate immune response
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

15. White Blood Cells—Functions
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
White Blood Cells—Functions
Eosinophils
Kill multicellular parasites (e.g. blood fluke)
Basophils
Can destroy foreign material
Involved in inflammation response
Involved in development of allergies
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

16. Platelets (Thrombocytes)
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
Platelets (Thrombocytes)
Formed in bone marrow
Not cells, are fragments of precursor cells
Lifespan—10 Days
Help blood clot by forming “platelet plugs.”
Stimulate other clotting factors
Approximately 250,000 per mL of blood
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

17. Normal-Shaped vs Sickle-Shaped Cells
Normal-shaped cells have a round, flattened shape with a dimple in the middle (why?)
Sickle-shaped cells have an elongated, crescent-shape

18. Activity Objectives –
Learn about the components and function of blood
Examine blood using a microscope
Perform a hemocrit
Explain how sickle-cell anemia affects the body and causes health problems

19. 3.1.1. Conclusion Question Due Mon, 01-27
You fall down and scrape your hand – describe what each component of blood would be doing at the injury site.
Anna has a condition called sickle cell anemia, a blood disorder. Based on the differences you observed between the normal blood slide and Anna’s blood slide, what do you think is a defining feature of this disease? Explain your answer.
How does the abnormal shape of a sickled red blood cell affect its movement through blood vessels?
People with sickle cell anemia often experience episodes of severe pain in their joints, chest, and abdomen and swelling in their hands and feet. Using what you know about the function of blood, why do you think the abnormal shape of sickled red blood cells causes these symptoms?
Anna’s autopsy shows that the nails on her fingers were a blue/gray color. How does Anna’s hematocrit level relate to these symptoms?
How might sickle cell disease have been related to Anna’s death?
Due Mon, 01-27

20. 3.1.1 Activity Checklist
Blood Notes; Terms Definitions/Functions (NB) STAMP
Prepared Blood Slides Drawings (LB)
Runts Observation Activity (LB) STAMP
Hemocrit Lab (LB)
Conclusion Questions 2 3 2 4 3
Total = 14

21. Activity Directions

22. 3.1.1. Blood Notes; Terms Definitions/Functions (NB)
Take notes from the lecture (also available on website)
Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions
Take notes in your NB on what the medication hydroxyurea is and what it does (refer to step 3)
Research sickle cell disease on the internet, and take notes in your (NB) (step 3)
Use the internet to find information on the components of blood and, using the table (step 5) in the curriculum file, state the function of each
List (at least 2) internet sources in your NB that you used (must be in APA format)
Get a stamp

23. 3.1.1. Prepared Blood Slides (LB)
Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions
Read directions for proper microscope use (refer to the How to Use a Microscope handout on the website or listen for the teacher’s instructions)
You will use the 4x, 10x and 40x objectives, never the 100x objective for this activity.
Refer to steps 7-14
You will be examining a prepared slide of normal blood and one of Anna’s blood
You will include 6 drawings, all colored and labeled appropriately. Include:
3 drawings of normal: 4x, 10x, 40x
3 drawings of Anna’s: 4x, 10x, 40x
Turn in the blue LB copy with your checklist

24. Simulated Blood Smear Used with permission of Ken Hoge
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
Simulated Blood Smear
Used with permission of Ken Hoge
Project Lead The Way©
Copyright 2005

25. 3.1.1. Runts Observation Activity (LB)
Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions
Refer to steps 24-29
You will be using Runts candy to simulate the difference between blood flow between normal-shaped cells and sickle-shaped cells
You will include:
A summary of your observations. Be detailed in your description
A drawing of your activity and observation. Be sure to label your drawings
A conclusion of how sickle-shaped cell affect blood flow
Get a stamp
Turn in the blue LB copy with your checklist

26. Hemocrit Lab (LB)
Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions
Refer to Part III and steps 31-41
Read the paragraph in Part II about anemia
In your NB, define all the italicized words in the paragraph
You will obtain a “sample” of Anna’s blood.
Pay careful attention to the instructor on proper microcentrifuge use. The microcentrifuge can be turned on only after an even number of tubes are evenly placed inside.
In your LB, include:
Total height of blood
Height of red blood cells
Calculated hemocrit
Results of Anna’s hemocrit
Possible Causes of Death update (in your LB)
Turn in the blue LB copy with your checklist

27. Career Journals
Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions.
The career journals will be turned in separately and scored separately from this activity packet
Refer to steps 39-41
You will research 1 career:
Phlebotomist
Due Mon, 01-27
Next slide has instructions for the correct formatting of your career journals

28. 3.1.1. Career Journals Correct Title Education and Training
High
All CAPS
Average
Education and Training
Documentation
include all required degrees, field and major of study
At least 2
Must use .edu, .gov, .org (.com only if approved by Mr. Hwang first)
Specific types of certifications, licensing, or training
Time/years of study
Must be in correct APA format
Bullet each of the above
Self-Reflection
Responsibilities and Duties
Summary of the description of job
Bullet each responsibility and duty starting with a verb (action word  leave out the subject)
1 advantage of job
1 disadvantage of job
Reason you would like or dislike the job
Must include at least 5
Salary
Low