1. Human Functioning Participation; activity; body function and structure Mary Chamie United Nations Statistics Division

2. Human Functioning Neutral Participation Activity
Body function and Structure
Problem
Restriction
Limitation
Impairment

3. Human functioning as part of economics; demography; social and environmental fields: How to proceed?
Disability has been treated in isolation of other data collection procedures. Statistics on disability have been hampered by the lack of an officially agreed upon international classification. In 1949, the UN Population Commission reviewed the work of 33 countries. And concluded that it was not possible at that time to agree on principles and recommendations for the collection and analysis of disability statistics in national censues and survyes, owing to the lack of an international classifications. Since 1985, consistent differences in national disability rates were further documented and explained in DISTAT, the UNSD data base covering disability statistics from over 70 national statistical offices around the world. Now, more than 50 years later, disability statistics can potentially be prepared using common definitions and concepts from the newly approved ICF. It is now time to plan a fully collaborative, integrated and harmonized data collection procedure of the collection of disability statistics in the official statistical system of nations.

4. A Demographic Example: World Population Aging
How does age structure influence human functioning?
These efforts to prepare the guidelines necessary to implement the ICF in the statistical work of population and housing censuses and related survey programmes, and administrative recording systems should be guided by the Principles of Official Statistics with the aim of producing and using disability statistics in an integrated and scientifically sound way.
For example, if a country were to ask: Does population aging imply increased disability? It would need to assess the situation in light of an understanding of the population issues faced by the nation.

5. Disability Rates and Age
Reports of disability increase with age, regardless of the definition of disability used by a country.

6. United Nations Population Division
Japan
Aging may be viewed as a characteristics of an individual, or as a population characteristics. In this example, we are discussing population aging, as opposed to individual aging. Therefore, we are also discussing population function rather than individual function. We all know that young people function differently than people who are middle-aged or older. Young infants have difficulty going up steps, and are usually carried up. However, by the time they are five or six years old, they readily and easily jump up the steps with great vigor. People over the age of 50, and up to age 90 and above, have varying capabilities to climb stairs, depending upon the height of the step and the age and strength and balance of the person. As populations age, their levels of function and behaviour also change. Thus, we would expect, so would their rates and types of disability. Ministries of Planning must consider such issues when planning public transport, communications, tourism, health facilities, etc.
United Nations Population Division

7. United Nations Population Division
Italy
Italy, like Japan, will confront different types of function and health depending upon population composition as a result of declining fertility and mortality.
United Nations Population Division

8. United Nations Population Division
India
Significant part of the developing world also are changing in their population composition and as a population, are becoming older. This relationship between aging and disability is most effectively studied in an integrated and broad way, with a wide ranging scope of interests in human function, activity and participation and covering social economic, health, population and labor concerns.
United Nations Population Division

9. Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics and Human Functioning

10. Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics
Professional standards and ethics
Accountable and transparent statistics
Prevent misuse
Cost-effective
Confidential
Legislated
Coordinated nationally
International standards
Coordination among statistical agencies is essential in the application of the principles of official statistics. The Statistical Commission of the UN adopted the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics in Official statistics provide an indispensable part of the information system of a democratic society, serving the Government, the economy and the general public with data about the economic, demographic, social and environmental situation. They must be made available on an impartial basis, while honoring the principle of confidentiality and the public’s right to information. Scientific principles and professional ethics provide the basis for the selection of methods and procedures for the collection, processing, storage and presentation of statistical data. Statistical agencies are entitled to comment on erroneous interpretation and misuse of statistics. Individual data are to be strictly confidential and used exclusively for statistical purposes. The laws, regulations and measures under which the statistical systems operate need to be made readily available to the public to ensure transparency, accountability and general support. Co-ordination among statistical agencies nationally and internationally is essential in order to achieve consistency and efficiency in the systems.

11. Official Statistics on Human Functioning
Utilizing the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics
Recognizing economic, demographic, social and environmental fields
Focusing on participation; activity; body function and structure
As all statistics, national disability statistics produced by central statistical offices and related ministries are covered under the principles of official statistics and would therefore be treated as an integral part of planning of population, housing, economic and social and health statistics. Principles of official statistics govern national disability statistics.
Scientific principles and professional ethics provide the basis for the selection of methods and procedures for the collection, processing, storage and presentation of statistical data. Statistical agencies are entitled to comment on erroneous interpretation and misuse of statistics. Individual data are to be strictly confidential and used exclusively for statistical purposes. The laws, regulations and measures under which the statistical systems operate need to be made readily available to the public to ensure transparency, accountability and general support. Co-ordination among statistical agencies nationally and internationally is essential in order to achieve consistency and efficiency in the system.

12. There is not one prevalence rate that can capture all of this.
Human Functioning
There is not one prevalence rate that can capture all of this.

13. Global planning
Washington City Group, under the auspices of the United Nations Statistics Commission
Trial data collection, disability information in United Nations Demographic Yearbook

14. World Programme of Action
Human Functioning
International
Classification of
Functioning,
Disability and
Health (ICF)
World Programme of Action
Major Goals
Equalization of
opportunities
Rehabilitation
Prevention
Environment Ee Er Ep
Activities and Participation Ae Ar Ap
Body Functions
and Structures Be Br Bp
Statistics address policies and programmes proposed in the World Programme Action. Concepts and definitions of disability for purposes of measurement and assessment are proposed, using four major chapter headings of the ICF, namely Body functions; Body structures; Activities and participation; and Environmental factors.
Out of the nine available cells in the table, four of them describe the way in which national offices approach disability assessment, and depending upon which cell they choose for their emphasis, the description of disability and resultant prevalence will also vary widely. For example, programmes focused upon prevention that describe body functions and structures and use population surveys for their assessment, usually result in prevalence rates of disability that ranges from 0.5 up to 7 percent. On the other hand, progammes focused upon rehabilitation needs and ask about activities and participation of people, and use population surveys for their assessment, usually result in prevalence of disability that ranges from 10 to 20 percent. Studies focused on the environment, and that are interested in disability, using these same estimates may come up with diffrerent disability rates. For example, in a national survey of China, when 5 percent of the population was reported to have a disability, it resulted in 20 percent of households being affected.