1. A Direction for the 2010 Census
March 15, 2010.

2. Contents Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ An Outline of the Census in Korean
Challenges for the Census Ⅱ Ⅲ
A Direction for the 2010 Census Ⅳ
A Plan for the 2015 Census Ⅴ
Q & A

3. Ⅰ. An Outline of the Census in Korea
1. What is a Census?
To clarify the size, structure,
distribution, and characteristics
of the population, households,
and housing of Korea
1) Purpose
Every 5 years since 1925
2) Periodicity

4. 3) Census day and enumeration period
Census day : November 1, 2010 (17th Census conducted in 2005)
Enumeration period : November 1 ~15, 2010
3) Census day and enumeration period
Census covers all areas incorporated within the scope of
the administrative jurisdiction of Republic of Korea
4) Scope & coverage
Population, Household, and Housing
* Foreigners are also counted, while diplomats are excluded
5) Enumeration units

5. Internet, Mail, and Interview 6) Methods of data collection
Short Forms : July 2011
Long Forms : December 2011
7) Data release within a year after the census
Population and Housing Census is the most fundamental
statistical survey of the Republic of Korea,
stipulated on the articles 17 and 37 of Statistics Law.

6. KNSO (Population Census Division)
2. Administrative Organization of the Census
KNSO (Population Census Division)
16 Cities & Provinces
260 Local Governments
3,478 branch offices of
local governments
* General Managers : 3,470(’10)
* Managers : 9,223(’10)
* Enumerators : 94,406(’10)

7. We have two forms for a Census : Short Form and Long Form
3. Types of forms and the number of items
We have two forms for a Census
: Short Form and Long Form
• collect data from
90% of the household
* 21 items at the 2005 Census.
* 19 items for the 2010 Census
Short Form
• collect data from
10% of the household
* 44 items at the 2005 Census.
* 50 items for the 2010 Census
Long Form

8. < Items of 2005 Census >
3 items for each province
Short Forms
(21 items)
Long Forms
(44 items)
Name, Sex, Age, Relationship
with the head
of Household, etc. (8 items)
Name, Sex, Age, Relationship with the head of Household, Education, Child care, Mental or Physical impairment, etc. (24 items)
Type of household,
Rooms in use, Household facilities, etc. (7 items)
Type of household, Rooms in use, Household facilities, Duration of residence, Number of automobiles, Parking place, etc, (11 items)
Type of housing and total floors of the building, Floor space,
etc. (6 items)
Type of housing and total floors of the building, Floor space, etc. (6 items)
Population
Household
Housing

9. Economically active Population Survey Consumer sentiment survey
4. How to use census results
1) Used for a sampling frame for surveys
Using the household of
the census
to select samples
Economically active Population Survey
Consumer sentiment survey
활용 예
♣ About 172 of 345 sample
surveys use the Census data
for their sampling frames
(January, 2008)
Sample surveys using the census data as their sample frames are as follow:

10. 2) Used for policy making, research, and business purposes
Census data
Universities and
research institutes
use the data such as
household items to
analyze the status of
the aged and
working women
Companies use the data such as single person and a working woman for marketing strategies
Census data such
as household
and housing items
are used for the
government to
make policies for
providing housing
Policymaking
Research
Business purposes

11. Cost trend of the census
Ⅱ. Challenges for the Census
There have been questions about the usefulness of the census
from the National Assembly, academia, and even the KNSO
1. Criticisms for the huge cost of census
Cost trend of the census
< Unit : Billion won(\), 1 $=1,150 \>
Year
1995
2000
2005
2010
Budget of KNSO (A)
(US $, million)
91.4
( 79.4)
148.2
(128.8 )
238.8
( 207.6)
409.4
(356.0 )
Cost of the census (B)
53.9
( 46.8)
83.4
(72.5)
129.0
(112.1 )
180.8
(157.2)
B/A
58%
56%
54%
44%

12. One person household and the elderly aged over 65
2. Environments for the census are getting worse
1) The increases of one person household and the elderly make
it difficult to collect data.
One person household and the elderly aged over 65
<Unit : Million>
Year
1995
2000
2005
2010(estimation )
One person households
1.6
2.2
3.2
3.4
The elderly
aged over 65
2.4
4.4
5.4

13. Population and Housing Census It’s a matter of privacy!
2) It is also difficult to interview respondents
because of growing awareness of privacy
Hi !
Population and Housing Census
No!,
It’s a matter of privacy!

14. 3. A SWOT analysis for the 2010 census
Analyzing internal factors (Strengths, Weakness) and external factors
(Opportunities, Threats) to make strategies for improving the Census
SWOT analysis
(Strengths)
• Good administrative registers
and experience of using them
in 2005 Census
• Experiences of Internet Survey
(Weakness)
• High cost of the Census
• No statistical organizations
at the branch offices (Eup, Myun,
Dong) of the local governments
(Opportunities)
• Register-based census
in northern Europe
* Increasing use of registers
• High qualities of IT
(Threats)
• Growing awareness
of Privacy
• Uncertainty for budget
Strategy 1 : To change the methods of data collection
Strategy 2 : To construct an efficient Census Management
System and to provide the data users want to
know
Strategy 3 : To reduce the burden of respondents

15. Ⅲ. A Direction for the 2010 Census
◈ Producing the basic data on the population and housing to support
the users who are making policies for low fertility, the aging,
multi-cultural society, etc.
◈ Conducting a low-cost and high-efficient census for the 2010
Objective
To construct an efficient
Census Management
System and to provide the
data users want to know
To change
the methods of
data collection
To reduce
the burden of
respondents
Strategy 2
Strategy 1
Strategy 3
Strategies
⊙ Extending the
internet Uptake rate
⊙ Improving the Census
Management System
(E-census) to recruit, train
the field staff and
to allocate workload
⊙ Selecting the items that
can explain the rapidly
changing society
⊙ Using the
administrative
registers to replace
the housing items
instead of survey
Programs

16. Strategy 1 : To change the methods of data collection
⊙ Extending the internet penetration rate from 0.9% in 2005 to 30% in 2010
⊙ Introducing mail survey
Direction
Interview-based
data collection
* with 0.9% of internet
at the 2005 census
Using such methods as
Internet and mail to collect
the data in addition to interview

17. 1. Extending the penetration rate of internet Survey
1) Internet Survey in the 2005 Census
◈ Period : Nov ~Nov
* Face to face Interview : Nov ~ Nov
◈ Number of internet respondents : 141,000 HHs (0.9% of total HHs)
< Respondents’ Characteristics of internet survey >
Internet Respondents
Total Households
Age
30~39
40.5%
17.5%
20~29
23.9%
15.6%
Education
College and over
51.6%
34.3%
High School
21.4%
41.2%
Type of Housing
Apartment
66.7%
52.7%
Detached dwelling
14.8%
32.2%

18. reducing the use of papers
2) Internet Survey for the 2010 Census
◈ Goal : 30%
Making the 2010 Census
a “Green Census” ,
reducing the use of papers
3rd
(Oct. 2008)
2nd
(Apr. 2008)
4th
(Apr. 2009)
1st
(2007)
13.3%
5.8%
22.1%
32.1%
< Internet uptake rates of 4 pretests >

19. < Process of Internet Survey – http://www.census.go.kr>
Confirm
Finish ?
Participation DB
Fill out the form
Preparation
Address DB, Household list, Housing DB
P.R
Pull & Push Strategy
Manage the persons who haven’t
completed the form
Manage the process No
Automatic editing
* Send SMS to encourage
Completion of the form
Yes
Thank You
Note (SMS)
E-Census Management system
Create Internet Access Code
Give Internet Access code

20. < Pull & Push Strategy >
Pull Strategy
Campaigns for internet survey, especially encouraging students to participate in internet survey. (It works)
Public Campaign
Providing gift certificates by lot. (It seems to be quite useful)
Giving Internet Access Code, not using individual PIN number
Incentives
Convenient System
Push Strategy
Internet first
Internet Mail interview
Without paper
Paper questionnaires are not provided during internet survey

21. Census Management System (E-census)
Strategy 2 : To construct an efficient Census
Management System and to provide
the items users want to know
1. Improving the Census Management System (E-census) to recruit, train the field staff and to allocate a workload
Census Management System (E-census)
◈ E-Census is an IT based system built at 2005
to conduct our census efficiently
• Checking the penetration rate of internet on the real time
• Recruiting the field staffs
(general managers, managers, enumerators)
• Giving a cyber training program to these field staffs, etc.

22. Database & dissemination
Contents of E-Census system
Checking the internet uptake rate
Data processing
Database & dissemination
Recruiting the staff,
and allocating
a workload
Giving the cyber
training program
to the field staffs
Q & A

23. Qualifications of field staffs
1) Recruiting the field staffs
In Korea, such field staffs as “general managers, managers, enumerators” are selected on the basis of competence.
Types of field staffs
Enumerators
General Managers
Managers
Supervise
Qualifications of field staffs
① Must be over 18 years old
with the minimum of a high
school diploma
② Persons with experience
in Population Census are
preferred

24. < How to recruit the staff and to assign the workload >
260 local governments will recruit the staff, using the E-Census System
General Managers
* 1 person for each
local branch (3,470)
Managers
* 1 person for every
11 enumerators (9,223)
Enumerators (94,406)
Workload
Enumerators for Short Forms
* for apartment enumeration districts
: 8 areas (about 480 households)
* for other enumeration districts
: 3 areas (about 180 households)
Enumerators for Long Forms
: 2 areas (about 120 households)

25. Recruiting Procedure on E-Census
Local government officer
(Deciding acceptance or reject)
E-Census System
Accept
or reject
Applying by internet
List of
applicants
Notification of employment
SMS
Applicant

26. 2) Training the field staffs
5 types of training programs will be used at the 2010 census
For general managers and managers
For the editors
For the instructors
For the coders
For the enumerators
Training Programs

27. Cyber education programs Contents of cyber education
Our current training programs are just for one day or two days.
These programs seemed to be insufficient for the census staff.
(especially for the enumerators).
Therefore, a cyber education program using E-census system
will be used for the 2010 Census. Let’s see the one of the 2005 `
Time : 60 minutes
(Sept.16~Oct.3, 2005)
Trainees : General manger,
managers, and
enumerators
* After recruited,
enumerators should
participate in the cyber
education program
Cyber education programs
Time : 60 minutes
Trainees : General manger,
managers, and
enumerators
* After recruited,
enumerators should
participate in the cyber
education program
Cyber education programs
A guidelines of the census
Concepts of population,
household,
housing, mapping, and
enumeration area, etc.
How to collect data
* Participation rate : 82.6%
Contents of cyber education
A guidelines of the census
Concepts of population,
household,
housing, mapping, and
enumeration area, etc.
How to collect data
* Participation rate in2005
: 82.6%
Contents of cyber education

28. 2. Selecting the items that can explain the rapidly changing society
Our society has rapidly changed and many foreigners have
come to live as our neighbors. To meet the needs of our people,
we are considering to adopt some questions for the 2010 census.
New Questions
1) Citizenship
2) Year/Month of Arrival
3) Social activity
4) Use of transportation means

29. < Tentative items for the 2010 Census >
3 items for each province
Short Forms (19 items)
Long Forms (50 items)
Name, Sex, Age,
Citizenship, etc. (8 items)
Name, Sex, Age, Citizenship, Education,
Place of birth, Child care,
Residence 1 year ago, etc. (28 items)
Type of household, rooms in
Use, Household facilities, etc.
(6 items)
Type of household, Rooms in use, Information
/ Telecommunication facilities, Water supply
and drinking water, etc. (13 items)
Type of housing, Total floor
Space, The umber of rooms,
etc. (5 items)
Type of housing, Total floor space, Number of
rooms, Total area of housing site, etc. (6 items)
Population
Household
Housing

30. < Characteristics of items for the 2010 Census (Tentative) >
Citizenship
Child care
Low birthrate,
Aged society
Year/Month
of Arrival
Number of children
planned to have
Multicultural family
The 2010
Population and Housing Census
Social Participation
Low carbon
Green growth
Heating facility
Digital broadcasting
Main means of
commuting
Social activity
Use of transpor
tation means
I/T facilities

31. Strategy 3 : To reduce the burden of respondents
1. Using the administrative registers to replace the housing items instead of interview
1) Type of housing and total floors of the building
2) Total floor space
3) Year of construction
4) Number of rooms
5) Number of housing facilities
Housing items for the apartment district areas are
to be replaced by administrative registers

32. < Reference 1 : Data capture >
◈ We will introduce “ICR system” for the 2010 census.
ICR (Intelligent Character Recognition) system
Server
PC for recognition of images
Scanner
PC for scanner
Correction of recognition errors

33. < Reference 2 : Data Dissemination for the 2010 census >
◈ Press release of the results
• Preliminary results :
• Releasing the results for short form : ~ 7.
• Releasing the results for long form : ~ 12.
◈ Publication of Census report and CD : ~2012.6
◈ On-line Dissemination (KOSIS) : ~

34. Ⅳ. A Plan for the 2015 Census
We are considering replacing “the short form” with “registers”.
In other words, we are preparing “register-based census”.

35. 1. What is a register-based census ?
⊙ A register-based census is one of
the methodological approaches for
the Population and Housing Census
that produces census like results,
using the existing administrative
sources such as
① resident registration data,
② registration data for housing
③ registration data for a family
relationship
* Short form for : 19 items
⇒ Short form of 2015 register based
census : 16 items (tentative)

36. Thank You For Attention !
Ⅴ. Question & Answers
Any Question ?
Thank You For Attention !