1. World War II
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2. Major Causes Militarism Alliances – Allies vs. the Axis Powers
Imperialism
Germany – “Lebensraum” – expansionism for living space
“Irredentism” – wanting to recover territory that was taken in the past – Germany and USSR wanting territory in Poland, Germany taking territory in Czechoslovakia
Japan – expansionism for resources on Pacific Islands
Nationalism

3. Treaty of Versailles 1919 - discontent
Effects of the Economic Depression
Failure of League of Nations

4. Sides in the War Axis Members- Germany [Hitler] Italy [Mussolini]
Japan [Hirohito]

5. Allied Members- USSR [Stalin] USA [Roosevelt, Truman}
Britain [Chamberlain, Churchill, Atler]
France [Daladier]
Canada [Mackenzie King]

6. Important Battles Sept 1, 1939-Invasion of Poland
July-Oct, 1940-Battle of Britain [code name Operation Sea Lion]
June 22, 1941-Invasion of Russia [code name Operation Barbarossa]
Dec 7, 1941-Pearl Harbor attack

7. 1942-Dieppe Raid [summer]
Battle of the Atlantic (Navies)
June 6, 1944-D Day [codename Operation Overlord] Normandy, France
May Germany surrendered
Aug 6, 1945-bombing of Hiroshima, Japan
Aug bombing of Nagasaki, Japan
Aug 14, 1945-Japan surrendered

8. Results of W.W.II Millions dead property and land damage
Germany and Japan blamed for the wars in Europe and in the Pacific
formation of the United Nations – product of the “Atlantic Charter” (1941) – nations should live in peace and should enjoy self-determination
Germany divided up, Japan occupied

9. Rise of two superpowers [USA and USSR]
forces of Nationalism increased – “bipolar politics” -US and its allies vs. USSR and its allies
Form of a new power which could destroy civilization

10. WW2 Issues
Exploitation and brutality aimed at the Slavic territories of Eastern Europe – Hitler’s plan was to rid these areas of their populations to allow for German Lebensraum
Slavic peoples for forced and slave labour for the Nazis
Western Europe not envisioned for this
Japan was guilty of brutality against the people of the territories it conquered, and of the brutal treatment of POW’s
Soviet Union retained control of the Eastern European nations it liberated from Nazi control – for its own national security reasons

11. This war was viewed as a “just war” by the western allies because they fought for freedom against tyranny and aggression
War crimes tribunals were set up to judge nations for crimes against humanity – ie – Nuremberg Trials to charge the Nazis for the Holocaust – civilian populations were targeted by aggressor nations
Controversy surrounded the dropping of the atomic bombs in Japan
“Marshal Plan” created by the Americans to rebuild West Germany, Western Europe and Japan in an attempt of dissuade the spread of communism - American allies offered support

12. Impact of War on Canada Increased our economy
United and divided the country (conscription crisis)
Internment of Japanese Canadians
Women increased in the workforce
We achieved “Middle Power” status