1. Why would people risk their lives for democracy? Explain your answer.
Bell Ringer
Why would people risk their lives for democracy? Explain your answer.

2. Developing Government

3. Major Forms of Gov’t Monarchy State ruled by a king Rule is hereditary
Some rulers claim divine right
Aristocracy
State ruled by nobility
Rule is hereditary and based on family ties, social rank, and wealth
Social status and wealth support rulers’ authority
Oligarchy
State ruled by a small group of citizens
Rule is based on wealth or ability
Ruling group controls the military
Direct Democracy
State ruled by its citizens
Rule is based on citizenship
Majority rule decides vote

4. Current World Gov’ts

5. Reforms of Solon Outlawed slavery based on debt Canceled farmers’ debt
Developed new class system
Made it so any citizen can vote
Not citizens: women, foreigners, and slaves
Slaves made up 1/3rd of the population

6. Regarded as founder of democracy
Cleisthenes
Regarded as founder of democracy
Balanced power of rich and poor
Increased power of laws and debate

7. Increased the number of paid public juries
Pericles
Increased the number of paid public juries
Paid jurors
Formed a direct democracy

8. Government should be run by educated philosophers
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Government should be run by educated philosophers

10. Athens vs. US Political power exercised by citizens
Both US
Citizens: male, at least 18, with citizen parents
Laws voted on and proposed directly by assembly of all the citizens
Leader chosen by lot
Executive branch: council of 500
Juries varied in size
No attorneys, no appeals, one-day trials
Political power exercised by citizens
3 branches of gov’t
Legislative branch passes laws
Executive branch carries out laws
Judicial branch conducts trials with paid jurors
Citizens: born in the US or naturalized
Representative gov’t
Elected president
Executive branch made up of elected and appointed officials
12 person juries
Attorneys, appeals

11. Rome: Plebeians vs. Patricians

12. A Republic Representative government People elect officials
Officials make gov’tal decisions

13. Plebeians
Commoners
Farmers
Artists
Merchants

14. Patricians
Aristocrats
Landowners
Inherited status

15. Patricians couldn’t change interpretation of the law to suit them
Twelve Tables
Plebeian victory
Written law code
Patricians couldn’t change interpretation of the law to suit them

16. Religious Government

17. Focused on individual morality and ethics
Judaism
Focused on individual morality and ethics
Not political
Torah/Hebrew Bible/Old Testament

18. Ten Commandments

19. Christianity Jesus of Nazareth Individual Love God Neighbors Enemies
Yourself
Eternal kingdom
New Testament

20. Islam Muhammad Equality of all persons Dignity of all human beings
Brotherhood of all people
Koran/Qur’an