1. The Rise of Rome

2. Major Concept
Geography played an important role in the rise of civilization in the Mediterranean region

3. Rome Begins Romulus & Remus found the city of Rome
Rescued by wolves and raised by a shepherd
Begin to build a city
Romulus kills Remus
and
names the city, Rome after himself.

4. OR
Aeneas and his followers flee after the fall of Troy and end up at the mouth of the Tiber River.
Aeneas unites the Trojans and the Latins. Becomes the “father” of the Romans

5. Early Influences The Etruscans
The Etruscans were skilled metalworkers living north of Rome who became rich through mining and trade.
They move south and change Rome from a village of straw roofed huts to a city of wood and brick with streets, temples, and public buildings around a central square.
Estruscans introduced the Toga style of dress
The Estruscans army would be the model for the mighty Roman legions.

6. Early Influences The Greeks
While the Greeks were building overseas colonies they came to Rome.
They taught the Romans to grow olives and grapes.
The Greeks brought their alphabet
and the Romans adopted it.
The Romans loved things “Greek”
and modeled their architecture,
sculpture and literature after
the Greek style.

7. Etruscan art
and
buildings

8. Roman Republic Main Concepts
Hannibal & his elephants
After defeating the Carthaginians, Rome took control of the entire Mediterranean region. During the Roman Republic, the right to vote was expanded.
Carthage Burns

9. The Roman Republic
The ruling Etruscan family the Tarquins became so cruel the Roman people rebelled, overthrew the Tarquins, and set up a Republic.
The Republic becomes powerful because of its army. Like the Spartans every male citizen who owned land, served in the army.
Roman generals reorganized the
army from phalanx to legions.
Each legionaire carried a short
sword, a gladius, a spear and
shield.

10. The Republic Government
Terms to remember:
Patricians: ruling class of wealthy, land owning nobles
Plebeians: artisans, shopkeepers, and small farmers
Consuls: top government officials (two patricians were chosen each year)
Veto: Latin for “I forbid”. To reject a vote
The Twelve Tables: Rome’s first written code of laws. Established the principle, all free citizens had the right to be treated equally by the legal system.

11. The Republic Shrewd Rulers
Romans allowed conquered people the opportunity to become citizens of Rome. A new and powerful concept, make your enemy your friend.
The Romans built roads between conquered towns which allowed the rapid movement of legions when necessary.
Follow the Roman rules, pay your taxes or be destroyed.

12. The Fall of the Republic
Main Concept: Weakened by civil war,
the Republic becomes an empire under
the rule of Augustus.
Rich versus Poor: Poor farmers are forced to sell farms and work in the city.
Politicians break the laws.
The army takes over.
Crassus, Pompey and Julius Caesar
Caesar becomes “dictator for life”
“Beware the Ides of March” or “Et tu Brutus”
Octavian, the imperator, becomes Augustus, the first emperor of Rome.