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Luca Verzichelli Master GIRP, EM-TAM Academic year 2017-2018
European Democratic Governance and the Elites Crisis of Representative Democracy? Luca Verzichelli Master GIRP, EM-TAM Academic year
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The Withdrawal of elites
The problems of credibility of political elites and their accountability, in a context of transformation of representative democracy Mair: responsiveness vs. responsibility Populism, anti-political sentiment, easy-listening politics
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Studying the rulers Definitions and Questions
Traditional definitions: leaders, inner circles, cabinets, core executives.. ► fitting the category of ruling class (classe di governo) ► simple sample ►possible mix of quantitative analysis and biographical study Selection of broader ruling elites ► extension to multivariate and time series analyses ► comparability among functions and offices but … ► … weak control over attitudes and characters
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Cabinet Ministers and Chief Executives
Studies by Jean Blondel (1982, 1985, 1987) Blondel + Thiebault 1991 Classic Anthony King and Richard Rose works on executive leaders More recent studies on delegation and reshuffles Other studies on personality (and impact of personality on political outcomes)
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Example of changing patterns of ministerial career The decline of Junior ministerial background in Italy
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Individual or collective delegation?
Do we have to consider the individual ambition to get an office, to remain, to act as member of government … As the ambition of an “absolute individual” office seeker politician? The traditional Rational choice perspective As the ambition of a “party representative” ? The partisan theory As the ambition of a “policy seeker” reformist? Policy viable processes of government formation What else? Combinations of different factors?
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The study of principal-agent relationships within the cabinet
Appointment. Selection procedures and incentives Maintenance of relationship. Full information (risk of ministerial drift) and delegation Dis-appointment. De-selection and reasons of reshuffles A comparative review: Dowding and Dumont (2009 on Europe, 2014 on other democracies) A study of effects of personal errors/scandals: Berlinsky and others (2012)
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Open questions Still neglected aspects of the secret life of rulers
The future of executive accountability. Ministerial drift and individualism The role of parties and their decay: soft parties? Liquid parties? The presidentialization hypothesis
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