1. The 13 Colonies and their Identities
The New England Colonies
The Middle Colonies
The Southern Colonies

2. The New England Colonies
Massachusettes
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Connecticut

3. Massachusettes Settled by the English and Puritans
Reason for the settlement --- to escape religious persecution
Established in 1620
The economy consisted of small farms, fishing and trade

4. New Hampshire Settled by the English and Puritans
Reason for settlement – to gain economic wealth
Established in 1623
The economy consisted of small farms, fishing and trading

5. Rhode Island Settled by the English and Puritans
Reason for the settlement – to escape religious persecution
Established in 1636
The economy consisted of small farms, fishing and trading

6. Connecticut Settled by the English and Puritans
Reason for the settlement – to escape religious persecution
Established in 1636
The economy consisted of small farms, fishing and trading

7. Middle Colonies New York (New Netherland) Delaware New Jersey
Pennsylvania
The river valleys had rich soil and mild winters. Conditions were favorable for farming and raising livestock.

8. New York (New Netherland)
Settled by the Dutch West India Company, also Swedes, English (Puritans), Germans, and Africans
Reason for the settlement – to gain economic wealth and religious tolerance (freedom) (Catholics, Jews, Quakers, and Protestants)
Established in 1624
The economy consisted of cash crops (farming and trading) and craftsmanship
A patroon—a person who brought 50 settlers would receive as an award land and special privileges in hunting, fishing and trading

9. Delaware
Settled by the Swedes and then taken over by the Dutch. English, Germans, and Africans also arrived
Reason for the settlement – to escape religious persecution
Established in 1638
The economy consisted of cash crops (farming and trading) and craftsmanship

10. New Jersey
Settled by the Swedes, Dutch, English, Germans, and Africans
Reason for the settlement – to gain economic wealth and religious tolerance (freedom) (Catholics, Jews, Quakers, and Protestants)
The economy consisted of cash crops (farming and trading) and craftsmanship
Established in 1664

11. Pennsylvania Land was given as a repayment of a loan to Wm. Penn.
The name means “Penn’s Woods”
A very diverse population with religious tolerance—equality for all
Established in 1681
One of the wealthiest of the American colonies.
The economy was cash crops and craftsmanship

12. Southern Colonies Virginia Maryland North Carolina South Carolina
Georgia
Soil and climate were suitable for growing tobacco, rice and indigo.

13. Virginia Settled by the English and Africans (slaves)
Reason for the settlement was to gain economic wealth
Established in 1607
The economy was made up of plantations

14. Maryland Settled by the English and Africans (slaves)
Established for Roman Catholics escaping persecution
Tough labor and therefore attracted FEW women as settlers
Established in1632
The economy was based on tobacco, which required backbreaking work
Most of the laborers came as either servants or slaves

15. North and South Carolina
Originally the Carolinas were one large colony
Established in 1663
Divided into 2 colonies in 1729
Settled by English settlers from Barbados
Settled for religious freedom and to gain economic wealth
The economy was driven by cutting timber, raising cattle and trading with the Native Americans
The Carolina colonists needed laborers to grow rice and indigo. The English encouraged the use of enslaved Africans and Native Americans who they sold into slavery

16. Georgia Founded by James Oglethorpe as a refuge for debtors
English, Swiss, German, and Scottish settled in Georgia
Established in 1732
The economy was driven by plantations

17. New England: Commerce and Religion
Summary
New England: Commerce and Religion
Distinguished by its small farming towns and profitable fishing and trade

18. Summary The Middle Colonies: Farms and Cities
Farms produced large cash crops that fueled trade in its coastal cities.

19. Summary The Southern Colonies: Plantations and Slavery
The plantation economy and large number of enslaved Africans made it different from the other regions

20. The Backcountry
The Backcountry was different from the denser coastal population, so settlers developed a more independent and rugged way of life.

21. The Middle Passage
This was the route that the ships took to bring enslaved Africans to the West Indies.
These Africans were experienced farmers and were also immune to European diseases.