1. Genetics Benchmark Review

2. []\ What causes there to be so many different kinds of dogs?
Is it because they live in different environments or they reproduce sexually?
Reproduce sexually

3. Sea anemones’ splitting and hydra budding is an asexual reproductive process. The offspring formed from these processes must have :
The offspring have mixed genetic material OR
B. The offspring have genetic material identical to the parent.

4. A scientist observes some
animal cells that contain half
the number of chromosomes of the ordinary cells of the animal. What should the scientist conclude about these cells?
The cells are zygotes OR
egg and sperm

5. The diagram represents either asexual OR sexual eukaryotic life cycle?

6. A student discovers that aphids produce many offspring
A student discovers that aphids produce many offspring. The offspring are genetically identical to the original parent. The student can conclude that the aphids –
Make their own food OR
Reproduce asexually

7. The giraffe has 62 chromosomes and reproduces sexually
The giraffe has 62 chromosomes and reproduces sexually. How many chromosomes does it inherit from its mother? 31

8. What percent of a horse’s genes
come from each parent?
50% from the female horse and 50%
From the male horse.

9. Do boys get more genes from their Dad than from their Mother?
No, children get half their genes from their Mother and half from their Dad.

10. The gene for yellow fur in mice (r) is fatal in mice with (rr)
The gene for yellow fur in mice (r) is fatal in mice with (rr). Which parent gene combinations would produce healthier mice? DO THE PUNNETT SQUARE!!
a. rr and Rr OR
b. Rr and RR

11. A scientist observes that a color trait in snapdragons exists in three forms. Two are distinct phenotypes – red and white and one intermediate phenotype – pink. Which conclusion about color traits is most reasonable –
A. The trait (color) is caused by the
environment OR
B. The trait (color) is
controlled by a single gene
pair

12. A student breeds purple flowered pea plant with white flowered pea plant and observes the flower color of the offspring. What question is the student trying to answer:
A. What temperature is best for plant growth? or
B. How do pea plant alleles for flower color interact?

13. Genotype
Dog A Bb
Dog B BB
Offspring (puppy)
What is another genotype for the offspring of Dog A and Dog B? BB

14. Variation (differences) in skin color, height, shell color and eye color are all examples of an inherited trait. The variation is due to:
More than one gene determines the trait (polygenic traits) OR
B. The trait is determined by external conditions.

15. Two parents with brown hair have an offspring (child) with red hair
Two parents with brown hair have an offspring (child) with red hair. One possible explanation for this:
A. The sex of the parent affects the inherited hair color gene. OR
B. Hair color is determined by more than one gene (polygenic trait)

16. A cat owner wants to breed a white cat with a yellow cat
A cat owner wants to breed a white cat with a yellow cat. What information will help the owner predict the coat color of the cats’ offspring?
What each parents genes are for coat-color OR
B. The percentage of each parent’s genes that contribute to the zygote.

17. In humans, brown eye color is dominant over blue eyes
In humans, brown eye color is dominant over blue eyes. In genetic terms this means: A. The allele for brown eye color is dominant. B. The allele for blue eye color is dominant. C. The allele for brown eye color is recessive.

18. Which of these would be expressed as a recessive phenotype
Which of these would be expressed as a recessive phenotype? AA, Rr, Tt, or bb bb

19. A goat inherits one allele for a trait from each parent
A goat inherits one allele for a trait from each parent. The allele from the mother goat is expressed (shown) in the offspring goat if the allele:
Is recessive to the father’s dominant allele.
B. Is dominant over the father’s allele.

20. A man and woman both have blonde hair, which is recessive
A man and woman both have blonde hair, which is recessive. This couple can only pass: Dominant OR Recessive genes to their offspring

21. A genotype is written – DD. What does each letter represent?
One amino acid Or
b. One allele

22. During cell reproduction,
DNA molecules make copies
of themselves. The copies
of DNA become part of
which structure in the new
cell?
Ribosome, mitochondria,
Lysosome or chromososmes
CHROMOSOMES

23. Reproductive cells must have nuclei that contain ____________ the number of chromosomes as the body cell.
Twice
Half
C times

24. A scientist uses radiation to change the genetic material in a mouse
A scientist uses radiation to change the genetic material in a mouse. Which part of the mouse’s cell is changed by the radiation to cause a change in genetic material?
Chromosome
Mitochondria
C. Ribosomes

25. Mutations can alter (change) the genetic material in an organism
Mutations can alter (change) the genetic material in an organism. Mutations are due to:
An increase in the function of the ribosomes OR
B. A change in the nucleotide sequence in DNA