1. Finish Russian Revolution Notes Video Intro For WWI Notes
Agenda
Finish Russian Revolution Notes
Video Intro For WWI
Notes
Crash Course WWI

2. Russian Revolution
WRITE ALL BLACK WRITING

3. Russian Government Before Revolution
Monarchy: The Czar
Until 1905 the Czar's powers were unlimited.
Russia had no constitution,
No political party system to check the Tsar's power
A strong secret police which terrorized the people.

4. World War I: “The Last Straw”
Average peasants had very little invested in the War
Corrupt military leadership had contempt for ordinary Russian people
War revealed the ineptitude and arrogance of the country’s aristocratic elite

5. World War I (cont)
Ill-trained, ineffective officers, poorly equipped (Russia was not ready for war) – the result was mass desertions and 2 million casualties by 1915
Result: Chaos of the Russian Army
Battle of Tannenberg (August, 1914) – massive defeat at hands of Germans

6. The Two Revolutions of 1917 The March Revolution (March 12)
The November Revolution (November 6)

7. March Revolution (1917)
Origins: Food riots/strikes
1917- protests spread through St. Petersburg and the Royal palace is taken over.
Czar abdicates (steps down)
Provisional government (Duma) takes control lead by Alexander Kerensky
Provisional government unpopular after decision to stay in WWI

8. March Revolution

9. (Bolshevik) Revolution-1917
Lead by Lenin “Peace, Land, and Bread”
Won support of people (especially peasants)

10. Soviet Political Ideology
More radical and revolutionary than the Provisional Government
Most influenced by Marxist socialism
Emulated western socialism
Two Factions
-- “Mensheviks”
-- “Bolsheviks”

11. Founder of Bolshevism: Vladimir Lenin
Committed to Class Struggle and Revolution

12. Lenin Steps into This Vacuum
A tremendously charismatic personality
“Peace, Land, Bread”
“All Power to the Soviets”
He preached that the war was a capitalist/imperialist war that offered no rewards for the peasants/workers;
Amnesty granted to all political prisoners in March of 1917
Bolshevik party membership exploded; their power was consolidated

13. The November Revolution 1917
All private property was abolished and divided among the peasantry
Largest industrial enterprises nationalized

14. November Revolution (cont)
Political Police organized: CHEKA
Revolutionary army created with Trotsky in charge = “Red Army”
Bolshevik Party renamed Communist Party in March of 1918

15. Rule of Lenin
Economic Reforms included the New Economic Plan (NEP)
-moderate mix of capitalism and socialism
Political Reforms
-Russia becomes the United Soviet Socialist Republics
Trained Russian workers to become a revolutionary force.

17. Communism A Form of Socialism
Central Planning of the Economy by the State
Bolsheviks renamed themselves the Communist Party
Government (Communist Party) makes decisions on individual jobs and pay
The goal of the first Five-Year Plan was to industrialize the Soviet Union.

18. Agenda
Monday: CNN, WWI Crash Course, WWI Notes, Crash Course, Going over Vocabulary WWI
Tuesday: CNN, Finish WWI Notes, Start WWII Notes.
Wednesday: America Story of US
Thursday: CNN, Finish America Story of US & Notes over WWII
Friday: CNN, WWII Vocabulary & Cold War Notes

19. Test Results Imperialism
2nd 77.83%
4th 80.86%
5th 81.51%
6th 75.86%

20. Learning Goals
LG: Students will be able to explain the different ideologies and government policies that contribute to revolutions and possible wars.
LG: Students will be able to analyze the role that nationalism, militarism, and imperialism played in igniting World War I.
LG: Students will be able to identify and explain the multiple alliances that took place in the 20th century.
LG: Students will be able to explain how industrialization and new technology revolutionized warfare and changed the landscape of Europe.

21. World War I
The War to End All Wars

22. Three Causes
Nationalism: Countries unite because of the same ethnicity
Imperialism: Countries will take control of another nation for its natural resources
Militarism: The aggressive buildup of a military in an effort to take over territory.

23. Root Cause 1: Nationalism
Powerful new countries
Italy (1861) & Germany (1871) become unified countries
upset the balance of power in Europe
Countries will establish alliances
Triple Entente
France
Russia
Great Britain
Belgium Declares Neutrality

24. Dispute German/French rivalry Countries will establish alliances
conflict over Alsace-Lorraine
Germany felt it had to ‘catch up’ with colonies, etc.
Countries will establish alliances

25. Root Cause 2: Imperialism
Competition to control pieces of former Ottoman Empire
• Germany & England compete in
Persia/Middle East
• Austrians, Turks & Russians compete in the Balkans

26. Root Cause 3: Militarism
Germany Russia & France competed to build bigger armies
Germany 1.3m 5.0m
France 0.73m 4.0m
Russia m 3.5m
• German military model
• Most nations tried to copy Germany’s modern military
• introduced conscription to create larger standing armies
• created detailed plans for mobilization of forces
• Arms Race between Germany & England
huge German investment in navy to challenge Britain
British responded by building up their navy even more

27. Root Cause 4: Alliance Systems
Military Alliances
Most countries joined military alliances before 1914
Treaties that promise aid if attacked by other countries
Effects of Alliances
Divided Europe into heavily armed groups
Actually made situation LESS stable

28. The Big Picture
As a result of the factors discussed above, Europe became a heavily armed group of nations whose people distrusted one another and whose governments were constantly preparing for war.

29. Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Austrian was assassinated ignited the Balkan Powder Keg starts WWI and it will start the Alliances.

30. Fighting changes because of technology
Trench Warfare

31. WWI WEAPONS

32. Germany
They would loose the war and they would be held accountable for the war by all other European countries and the United States.
US President Woodrow Wilson would create a document called 14 Points.
He created it to try to prevent any future wars
Idea of a League of Nations
They would unite to stop any future wars

33. Aftermath of the WAR TO END ALL WARS
Russia would leave early and they would have a revolution and kill the Czar.
US Congress will not agree to the 14 Points
They thought it would drag the US into future wars
League of Nations
International organization that was created to preserve the peace of the world.
Major weakness there was no real military power (NO US NO REAL POWER)
Final Result
There would be new nations created in Europe