1. Harvest of Empire Puerto Ricans: Citizens Yet Foreigners Ashton Haga
ENGL 3326
February 20, 2012

2. Location Smallest by land of Greater Antilles
Includes the main island of Puerto Rico and a number of smaller islands
Vieques, Culebra, and Mona

3. Brief History of Puerto Rico
Columbus discovered in 1493
Native people known as Taínos
Under Spanish rule, forced into slavery
Nearly wiped out due to European diseases
Spain ceded Puerto Rico to United States in Treaty of Paris 1898
Since 1947, Puerto Rican citizens are able to elect their own governor
cannot vote in U.S. presidential election

4. Poverty in Puerto Rico 3.8 million people live in Puerto Rico
As of 2008, 44.8% of the population is below the poverty level
As of 2011, 16% unemployment rate
Average family size: 3.6
Income per family: $27,017
As of 2007, million people in the labor force
Agriculture 2.1%
Industry 19%
Services 79%
During Great Depression, heavy migration to New York City
Migration: The Puerto Rican Experience

5. Gang Activity From mid 1940s through mid 1960s
From war production/manufacturing to service jobs
Youth facing discrimination more likely to join
Gangs faded in the 1960s due to public programs and increased drug use
Gangland: Latin Kings of NYC Part 1

6. Drug Use
Most likely to turn to drugs if unable to successfully learn American meanings and perspectives
Focus on wealth and freedom