1. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 1 EASA Rulemaking Group CS 25.045 Access through Bulkheads

2. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 2 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads In August 1985 a B737-200 at Manchester Airport, UK, suffered an uncontained engine failure while on the ground that resulted in fire rapidly penetrating the cabin with subsequent loss of life. In the UK-AAIB accident report (Ref. AAIB 8/88), it was highlighted that the relatively narrow aisle width (~22 ½ inches) between monuments (toilets, galley, stowage compartments, etc) in combination with the panic induced competitive behaviour of passengers trying to evacuate, caused blockage of the aisle leading to the front and overwing exits

3. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 3 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads The former JAA Cabin Safety Study Group (CSSG) got the task to develop a NPA to address this Issue An analysis was carried out in 1996, under the auspices of the JAA CSSG, of accident data over a 10-year period between 1984 and 1993 for large, western built, commercial jet and turboprop aeroplanes, and an ANPA 25D-224 developed.

4. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 4 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads Following the Manchester accident regulatory action has been taken by many Airworthiness Authorities. The purpose of the EASA NPA´s is to propose an amendment to CS 25.813 (a) and CS 25.815, if necessary, to improve safety standards. EASA established a Working Group (25-045) with the following TOR tasks: Review of JAA ANPA and comments Develop RIA, based on that View the need of rulemking, both CS 25 and JAR 26.

5. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 5 EASA CS 25.045 - Access through bulkheads GROUP MEMBERS John MAYDEWBAE Systems Jan VAN DE MAATKLM Royal Dutch Airlines (AEA) Alfred AULETAFUTURA International (IACA) Jürgen FELDHAUSAirbus Deutschland GMBH (Airbus) Jan NOVAKEASA - EASA Focal Point Ray CHERRYR.G.W (EASA) – Group Secretary Carmela TRIPALDIENAC Josef MAURERCSA Czech Airlines (ETF) Jeff GARDLINFAA Claude LEWISTransport Canada Michael MARKUSAustro Control Peter CHITTENDENEASA Enrique NINDGAC Spain

6. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 6 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads MEETINGS HELD DURING 2006 Meeting no: 1 held 30th March 2006 Meeting no: 2 held 1st June 2006 Meeting no: 3 held 7th September 2006 Meeting no: 4 held 15th November 2006 MEETINGS HELD DURING 2007 Meeting no: 5 to be held 25th January 2007

7. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 7 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads GROUP WORKING PROCEDURES EASA Rulemaking Procedures EASA Rulemaking Process Determination of the Membership of Rulemaking Groups Terms of Reference, Definition and Timescales. Rulemaking Group T reference

8. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 8 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads GROUP EXPECTED OUTPUTS RIA for (JAR 26 and CS-25). NPA to be presented.

9. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 9 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads THE FOLLOWING APPROACH HAS BEEN TAKEN BY THE EASA WORKING GROUP: Review analyses ( Accident data) from JAA, where are the numbers in respect of fatalities are coming from? Review of test done ( Cranfield). Have all variants been approached ( as thickness, height, single aisle / multiple aisle,…etc) ? Review of recent accident data. Consultation of NTSB, Canadien Accident Investigation Board and British Accident Investigation Board on new investigations, recommendations, look on cabin Safety improvements (as seats, heat release, smoke density,… etc). Investigation on foreign Authorities intentions in respect of potential rulemaking.

10. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 10 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads MAIN DOCUMENTATION

11. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 11 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION

12. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 12 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads TEST & HARMONISATION DOCUMENTATION

13. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 13 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads GROUP CONCLUSIONS (1) From 1985, new aircraft designs and existing aircraft modified by retroactive rules, resulting in significant cabin safety improvements including the following: Seat fire blocking layers Floor proximity lighting/marking Enhanced Fuselage Burnthrough protection Reduced heat release of cabin interior materials Reduced smoke emission from cabin interior materials Improved access to Type III exits In addition Enhanced Fuselage Burnthrough protection from pool fires is an FAA regulation and is under consideration by EASA.

14. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 14 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads GROUP CONCLUSIONS (2) The proposed regulatory action would have a neligible benefit in improving occupant survivability. Main arguments to adopt this position are: Accidents analysis during this period of time, in terms of incidents and accidents by flight/ hours Balance between: Extremely remote risk and related costs Experimental trials results Specific scenario improved by new CS 25 and FAR 25 standards, since 1985 No enough evidences had been found in test and supporting documentation to ensure an improvement in evacuation conditions.

15. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 15 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads GROUP CONCLUSIONS (3) The FAA and Transport Canada have stated that, based on the information currently available they have no regulatory activity planned in this area. Hence, if EASA decided to proceed with rulemaking it would not be harmonised with other major Airworthiness Authorities.

16. 34 th CSSG COLOGNE SEPTEMBER 2007 16 EASA CS 25.045 - Access Through bulkheads ACTUAL STATUS Draft A-NPA has been drafted and is under consideration at EASA. Finally it will be distributed within the working group for concurrence and then provided to EASA for public consultation.