1. Welcome to the sixth HAPL meeting

2. HAPL Program Principals
We like Laser Fusion Energy because it leads to an attractive power plant
We have made significant advances in Laser Fusion Science & Technology
This thing just might work!
Truly modular architecture lowers both development cost and risk.
Allows phased approach:
Science and technology
Full-scale component development
Full scale Engineering Test Facility that can evolve into a demo
We are developing Laser Fusion Energy as an integrated system
Foster team work & cross institutional collaborations
Good ideas can come from anywhere (and are encouraged!)
We are addressing (as much as we can) the biggest challenges first
We value simplicity

3. The Path to develop Laser Fusion Energy
Phase I:
Basic fusion
science &
technology
Scalable Technologies
Krypton fluoride laser
Diode pumped solid state laser
Target fabrication & injection
Final optics
Chambers materials/design
Target design & Physics
2D/3D simulations
1-30 kJ laser-target expts
Phase II
Validate
science &
technology
Full Scale Components
Power plant laser beamline
Target fab/injection facility
Power Plant design
Ignition Physics Validation
MJ target implosions
Calibrated 3D simulations
 Full size laser: 2.4 MJ, 60 laser lines
 Optimize targets for high yield
 Develop materials and components.
  MW net electricity
 Resolve basic issues by 2028
Phase III
Engineering
Test Facility
operating  2020

4. We are rapidly achieving the goals needed to start Phase II (page 1 of 3)
LASERS
Develop technologies that can meet fusion energy requirements for efficiency (> 6%), repetition rate (5-10 Hz), and durability (>100,000,000 shots continuous).
Demonstrate required laser beam quality and pulse shaping.
Laser technologies employed must scale to reactor size laser modules and project to have attractive costs for commercial fusion energy.
FINAL OPTICS
Meet laser induced damage threshold (LIDT) requirements
of more than 5 Joules/cm2, in large area optics.
Develop a credible final optics design that is resistant to degradation from neutrons, x-rays, gamma rays, debris, contamination, and energetic ions.

5. We are rapidly achieving the goals needed to start Phase II (page 2 of 3)
CHAMBERS
Develop a viable first wall concept for a fusion power plant.
Produce a viable “point design” for a fusion power plant.
TARGET FABRICATION
Develop mass production methods to fabricate cryogenic DT targets that meet the requirements of the target design codes and chamber design. Includes characterization.
Combine these methods with established mass production costing models to show targets cost will be less than $0.25.

6. TARGET INJECTION AND TRACKING
We are rapidly achieving the goals needed to start Phase II (page 2 of 3)
TARGET INJECTION AND TRACKING
Build an injector that can place targets at chamber center (~6.5 m) in 16 milliseconds or less.
Demonstrate target tracking with sufficient accuracy for a power plant (+/- 20 microns).
TARGET DESIGN/PHYSICS (also includes Nike and Omega ICF programs)
Develop credible target designs, using 2D and 3D modeling, that have sufficient gain (> 100) + stability for fusion energy.
Benchmark underlying codes with experiments on Nike & Omega.
Integrate design into needs of target fab, injection and reactor chamber.

7. Description of Phase III (ETF)
The ETF will have operational flexibility to perform four major tasks:
Full size driver with sufficient energy for high gain.
2.4 MJ Laser
Replications of the beam line developed in Phase II. But allow improvements.
Optimize targets for high yield.
Address issues specific to direct drive and high yield.
Test, develop, and optimize chamber components
Includes first wall and blanket, tritium breeding, tritium recovery.
Requires thermal management ( MWth).
Electricity production ( MW net) potential for high availability.
Chamber with blanket and electrical generator ( MWth).
Laser, final optics and target technologies should be mature and reliable by now

8. ETF-Tasks 1 & 2 (driver demo and optimize gain)
Target fabrication & injection. DEMO Scale. Capable of continuous 5 Hz runs
Target
factory
Laser : DEMO Scale
~ 2.4 MJ
> 106 shots MTBF for entire system
(Beam lines > 108 from Phase II)
OPTIMIZE TARGETS FOR HIGH GAIN
Single shot and burst mode
Final Optics: DEMO Scale
(Full LIDT threat & debris)
Chamber: see next Viewgraph

9. ETF-First Generation Chamber for Task 1 (demo driver), Task 2 (optimize gain), and Task 3 (materials/components blanket development)
Full yield, rep-rate, burst target physics, chamber dynamics
10% yield, rep-rate, continuous -- material/component tests
TWO MODES:
Test multiple blanket
concepts, if desired
FIRST WALL (6.5 m radius)
1. Full laser energy & yield (400 MJ),
5 Hz runs, up to few hours duration:
< 0.02 micron erosion/shot
105 shots maximum
2. Full laser energy with 10% yield (40 MJ),
continuous operation:
negligible erosion/shot
107shots or more
Design allows annual replacement
40cm x 40 cm
cooled samples
@ 2 m radius
BLANKET / COOLING
MWth (10% 5 Hz)
Breed Tritium (Sombrero TBR= 1.25 (LiO2)]

10. ETF-Task 4 (Electricity Production)
Upgrade chamber materials based on R&D
Upgrade to best blanket to come out of R&D
Upgrade chamber cooling:
(200 MW to 2.0 GW thermal)
Generate MW net electricity by 2028

11. We have decided to concentrate on a "front runner" first wall
We have decided to concentrate on a "front runner" first wall.... HAPL materials and chambers community has chosen tungsten armored- low activation ferritic.
Why choose a "Front Runner" approach?
Focuses our resources.
Should lead to a workable solution faster
Why tungsten/ ferritc?
Most mature data base
Most viable candidate to field on the ETF within the next years.
Takes advantage of vast body of fission and other fusion work
Battle plan to develop this first wall concept will be discussed tomorrow.
Goal of plan: Assess this approach in archival paper by Dec 31, 2003
Note that front runner does not imply other approaches are abandoned.
Means we will concentrate resources on the most promising approach
Same methodology we are following with the final optic.

12. Be sure to give me electronic copies of your talk
Agenda-Wed
Be sure to give me electronic copies of your talk

13. Agenda-Thurs

14. We don't do this sort of thing in the HAPL program