1. JH-KEADLE
Types of Reproduction

2. We will be focusing on genetic material and how it is passed from parent to offspring.
All living things pass on their traits to offspring but there are two different types of reproduction.

3. Asexual Reproduction
vocabulary
word!
asexual reproduction – one organism produces one or more new organisms that are identical to itself.
Most microscopic and unicellular organisms can reproduce asexually.
Some plants and animals can use this method.

5. Examples of Asexual Reproduction
binary fission
budding
spores
vegetative propagation

6. Asexual Reproduction
vocabulary
word!
binary fission – a type of cell division in prokaryotes. A parent cell splits into two.

7. Asexual Reproduction
vocabulary
word!
budding – a bud forms on the parent organism. Once it is big enough, it detaches.

8. Asexual Reproduction
vocabulary
word!
spores – a specialized cell that can survive in harsh conditions. The parent organism releases spores which can be carried to other locations.

9. Asexual Reproduction
vocabulary
word!
vegetative propagation – asexual reproduction by some plants where a new plant grows from the stem, roots or leaves of the parent plant.

10. Asexual Reproduction Parent (tall) Tt offspring (tall) Tt

11. Sexual Reproduction
vocabulary
word!
sexual reproduction – two parents are required and each contributes a sex cell (sperm or egg). Half of the genes in the offspring come from each parent.
The offspring are not identical to the parent.
There is more genetic diversity.

12. Sexual Reproduction
vocabulary
word!
sperm– male sex cell that contains half of the male’s chromosomes.
egg– female sex cell that contains half of the female’s chromosomes.
Example – humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). The mother contributes 23 and the father contributes 23 to equal 46.

13. Sexual Reproduction
vocabulary
word!
fertilization – when a sperm and egg join together.

15. Fertilization (combined genetic material)
Sexual Reproduction
Parent (tall) Tt
Parent (tall) Tt
Fertilization (combined genetic material)
offspring (tall) TT
offspring (tall) Tt
offspring (tall) Tt
offspring (short) tt

16. Aesexual Sexual Only requires one parent
No sharing of genetic material
Offspring is identical to parent
No diversity
Requires two parents
Genetic material is combined
The offspring are different from either parent
There is diversity

17. Create this table in your notes:
Type of Reproduction
Disadvantages
Advantages
Sexual
Asexual
* more genetic diversity
* can adapt and change
* easier to evolve
* expend energy looking
for a mate
* length of gestation
* usually occurs faster
* don’t have to find a mate
* reduces genetic
mutations
* no new genetics
* no diversity
* limited evolution
Create this table in your notes:

18. Using both strategies
Some organisms can reproduce both ways depending on the conditions they are living in.

19. Parthenogenesis Organisms that can reproduce asexually and sexually
The female can give birth without a male
aphids
snails
some plants
hammerheads
starfish
Kimodo dragon

20. Hermaphroditic Reproduction
Organisms that can reproduce asexually and sexually
they have male and female sex organs or they can switch sexes
snails
slugs
most plants
some fish
earthworms