1. Domains of Life

2. Domains: A New Taxa
1996: Proposed by Carl Woese and George Fox

3. Domains

4. The Prokaryotes

5. Prokaryotes
Single-celled organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles

6. Prokaryotes Smallest living organisms Found living everywhere on Earth
Some are:
heterotrophs,
autotrophs,
chemotrophs

7. Roles of Prokaryotes
Pathogens:
Decomposers:

8. Roles of Prokaryotes

9. Roles of Prokaryotes Live in the intestines of animals
Mutualistic relationship:
How do both organisms benefit?
Live in soil and “fix” nitrogen
What type of relationship is this?

10. Roles of Prokaryotes

11. Roles of prokaryotes Used in food production
Most recently, bacteria have been utilized for their ability to produce chemicals

12. Kingdoms of Prokaryotes
Split into:
Eubacteria (true bacteria)
Archaea (ancient organisms)

13. Eubacteria Capsule: Cell wall: Peptidoglycan
Historically, bacteria were classified based on whether their cell wall turned color when the bacteria was stained in the Gram staining protocol

14. Eubacteria
Chromosome:
Nucleoid region:
Plasmid:
Flagellum and Pili:

15. Eubacterial shapes

16. Eubacterial Metabolism
Aerobes:
Anaerobes:

17. Eubacterial Metabolism
Obligate vs. Facultative

18. Types of Eubacteria
The autotrophs:
Know table on page 48 of textbook

19. Types of Eubacteria
The autotrophs:
Purple bacteria (proteobacteria)

20. Types of Eubacteria
The autotrophs:
Green bacteria

21. Types of Eubacteria
The autotrophs:
Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria)

22. Types of Eubacteria
The heterotrophs
Gram-positive bacteria

23. Types of Eubacteria
The heterotrophs
Spirochetes

24. Types of Eubacteria
The heterotrophs
Chlamydias

25. Cell Division Cells divide by binary fission
During binary fission, describe what happens to the cell and what happens to the DNA?

26. Cell Division
Cells divide by binary fission
Mutations? What are they?

27. Increasing Genetic Diversity
Conjugation:
Transformation:
Role of these?

28. Archaea
Extremophiles

29. Types of Archaea
Methanogens

30. Types of Archaea
Halophiles

31. Types of Archaea
Thermophiles

32. Types of Archaea
Psychrophiles

33. Homework To be completed for Monday, Oct 14.
1) Believe it or not, pathogens are a required part of a healthy ecosystem. What role(s) do pathogens play in the environment?
2) List out 5-10 other roles that prokaryotes play in the environment.
Textbook: Read pages Do problems 6-10 on page 53.