1. AESTHEICS: CONCEPT OF IDEAL BEAUTY
What is ideal beauty?
Kant says Aesthetics is, “ pure beauty, without subjective opinion.”

2. SOCRATES
Socrates postulated, that the main task of the artist was to give a standard idealised contour of the human body in exact proportions to gain Balance and harmony. We can still admire this in the statue of the "Aphrodite of Melos", better known as the "Venus de Milo", one of the most famous works of art history...

3. VENUS DE MILO

4. FIRST CENTURY
Vitruv, in the first century b.c., reports the classical ideal of beauty as derived from symmetry and a modular relationship, of the parts to the whole on a mathematical basis. (The smaller part compares to the larger as this to the whole: this is called "The Golden Section" or the "Golden Mean".)

5. DA VINCI

6. MORE BEAUTY
... in the same way as this beautiful ideal image of a man's body, the so called "Warrior of Riace", found in the Mediterranean Sea a few years ago, now in Naples.
These personified ideals of classical beauty have influenced art throughout the centuries until today!
5. Warrior of Riace

7. Warrior of Riace

8. DEFINITION OF ART
REPRESENTATION
EXPRESSON
FORM

9. REPRESENTATIONAL
REPRESENTATION means that the work depicts something easily recognized by most people.
Leon Deloice: Third Avenue New York
Venus of Willendorf

10. EXPRESSIONISM A term used to denote the use of distortion
and exaggeration for emotional effect
Franz Kline: New York

11. FORM
Objects with three- dimensions

12. AESTHETICS
AESTHETICS: BRANCH OF PHILOSOPHY CONCERNED WITH IDENTIFYING THE CLUES WITHIN WORKS OF ART THAT CAN BE USED TO UNDERSTAND, JUDGE, AND DEFEND JUDGMENTS ABOUT THOSE WORKS

13. ART CRITICISM: reasoned activity of the mind
DESCRIPTION:
What is seen in the artwork? (what is there vs. emotion)
ANALYSIS
How is the artwork designed? (principles of art)
INTERPRETATION
What does it mean? (meaning/mood/idea)
JUDGEMENT
Is a successful work of art? (defending with good reasons)

14. ELEMENTS OF ART & PRINCIPLES OF ART
Color, value, line, texture shape, space
PRINCIPLES OF ART:
balance, emphasis, harmony, variety, gradation, movement/rhythm, proportion

15. DESIGN CHART BALANCE EMPHASIS HARMONY VARIETY GRADATION MOVEMENT COLOR
PROPORTION
COLOR
VALUE
LINE
TEXTURE
SHAPE/FORM
SPACE

16. AESTHETIC THEORIES
IMITATIONALISM : importance of literal qualities (looks real/lifelike)
FORMALISM: effective organization of the elements/principles of art (Colors, values, lines textures, shapes, forms, space etc.)

17. AESTHETIC THEORIES cont.
EMOTIONALISM: vivid communication of moods, feelings, ideas.

18. ART CRITICISM: HOW TO JUDGE
1. Do you like or dislike the painting?
Difference between expressions of like/dislike and judgment
2. Describe the literal painting
how, when, where, what, who
3. Analyze on the basis of
elements/principles of art
4. Interpretation:
why, artist purpose
5. Judgment:
on the basis of art criticism and three aesthetic theories (representation, expression, form)

19. NONOBJECTIVE ART: contains no apparent reference to reality.
Artist who create these works place primary importance on the MANNER in which the elements and principles of art are used

20. Nonobjective Art: one must foremost reject realistic subject matter
Franz Kline, Mahoning: here the artist used oil paints.
Notice the broad strokes of black paint, the bold contrast
Of white and black, suggestion of steel skeletons of modern
Skyscrapers.
Jackson Pollock: One (8’ 10” x 17’ 5”): here the artist dripped, poured,
Slashed paints from sticks and brushes. It is so large that
It seems to wrap itself around viewers commanding their
Complete attention

21. AESTHETICS= analysis VS. emotion
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder
BUT in the philosophy of aesthetics
the eye must decide analytically

22. THE END