1. Plant Reproduction

2. Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction involves 2 sex cells called gametes.
Involves 2 parents.
Offspring are genetically different to parents.

3. Parts of the Flower

4. The Sepal
The sepal protects the flower when it is a bud.

5. The Petal The petal protects the internal parts of the flower.
Petals are often brightly coloured to attract insects to the flower.

6. Stamen and Carpel

7. The Carpel The Carpel is the female part of the flower.
The carpel produces an egg cell.
The nucleus of the egg cell is the female gamete.
Some flowers have more than 1 carpel.

8. The Stamen The Stamen is the male part of the flower.
The stamen produces pollen grains.
The nucleus of pollen is the male gamete.
Most flowers have a number of stamen.

9. Parts of The Carpel The Stigma – Where pollen lands.
The Style – Connects the stigma to the ovary.
The Ovary – Produces the female egg

10. Parts of The Stamen Anther – Produces Pollen.
Filament – Supports the anther

11. Reproduction in Flowering Plants
5 Stages:
Pollination
Fertilisation
Seed and Fruit Formation
Seed Dispersal
Germination

12. Pollination
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another.
Pollination occurs by 2 ways:
Insect pollination
Wind Pollination

13. Pollination Petals Stamens Pollen Grains Stigmas Nectaries Flower Part
Insect Pollination
Wind Pollination
Petals
Large, Coloured, Scented
Small, often green
Stamens
Inside flower
Outside flower
Pollen Grains
Large, Sticky, Fewer in Number
Small, Huge numbers
Stigmas
Small ,inside flower
Feathery, Hang outside flower
Nectaries
Present, produce nectar
Absent, not needed

14. Pollination by Insect

15. Pollination by Wind

16. Fertilisation
Fertilisation is the fusion of a male gamete nucleus with a female gamete nucleus to form a zygote.

17. Seed Formation
After fertilisation the fertilised ovule/egg forms a seed.
The ovary swells to form a fruit.
The fruit protects the seed and allows the seed to be carried away.

18. Seed Dispersal Seeds are dispersed to avoid competition.
(Sunlight, water, minerals, space)
Seeds are dispersed by animals, wind, self dispersal and by water.

19. Wind Dispersal Seeds are carried away by the wind.
i.e. Dandelion, Sycamore.

20. Animal Dispersal
Many fruits are eaten by animals these fruits contain seeds. The seeds are passed out through the animals digestive system unharmed.

21. Self Dispersal
Some plants have pods that explode to disperse their seeds. i.e. Pea

22. Water Dispersal
Some plant have seeds that float and are carried down stream. i.e water lily

23. Germination Germination is the growth of a seed into a new plant.
Seed germination is necessary for the formation of a new plant.
Germination requires Moisture, Oxygen and Suitable Temperature.

24. Germination

25. The Seed The Seed consists of: Testa – Seed coat
Food Supply – Provides energy
The Plumule – Young Shoot
The Radicle – Young Root

26. Conditions Necessary for Germination

27. Asexual Reproduction Only 1 Parent. No Gametes involved.
Offspring are genetically the same as the parent.
Examples Geranium – Cuttings
Strawberries – Runners
Daffodil – Modified Bulbs