1. ID’s: Vaqueros Dugouts and Soddies Bonanza Farms Barbed Wire
The Frontier
ID’s:
Vaqueros
Dugouts and Soddies
Bonanza Farms
Barbed Wire

2. Settlers Push Westward
Argued Native Americans forfeited their rights to land because they hadn’t settled down.
Settled along railroad and wagon trails
Lure of Silver and Gold

3. Long Odds of Gold Mining

4. Government Support for Settlement
Homestead Act: 160 acres of free land to any head of household
Oklahoma: “The Sooner State”
2 million acres of land gone in 1 day

5. Dugouts and Soddies
Trees were scarce so settlers built homes from the land itself

10. Technical Support John Deere: Steel Plow to slice through heavy soil
Cyrus McCormick: Reaper- sped up the harvest and saved crops from bad weather

11. Native Americans Resist
Massacre at Sand Creek: 150 peaceful Cheyenne Indians killed
“I want no peace till the Indians suffer more” – US Army Commander

12. Native Americans Resist
Bozeman Trail ran through Sioux hunting grounds.
Crazy Horse led attacks along the trail
Sioux and Cheyenne unite: Custer’s Last Stand
BATTLE OF WOUNDED KNEE

14. Buffalo Every Part important to Native Americans Hide Horns Bones
Skull

18. Buffalo in 1800: 65,000,000

19. Buffalo in 1870: 1,000

20. Vaqueros and Cowboys
Learned from Mexican neighbors how to round up, rope, brand, and care for longhorns
Chaparreras:
Charqui:
Bronco Caballo:
Rancho:
Corral:
Rodeo:

21. Demand for Beef
Civil War and the transcontinental railroad increased the demand for beef
Chisholm Trail

22. The Life of a Cowboy 1 cowboy for 300 cattle
In the Saddle form dawn to dusk
River Crossings and Lightening

23. Barbed Wire Invented by Joseph Glidden: cheap and easy to use
Open plains became fenced in ranches = ended the frontier

24. Buffalo Bill Cody
Wild West Show