1. What is happening in this picture?

2. Cell Division
Why do it?
VIDEO

3. Cells must divide for… Growth of the organism (Mitosis)
Repair of damaged cells (Mitosis)
Replacement of dying cells (Mitosis)
Reproduction of the organism (Mitosis or Meiosis)

4. How is DNA organized inside the nucleus?
The most important part of cell division is the REPLICATION / DUPLICATION of chromosomes and the separating of DNA into daughter cells!!
How is DNA organized inside the nucleus?
VIDEO
Mitosis - YouTube

6. The Cell Cycle How long does cell division take? G1 (9-11 hours)
S Phase (5-6 hrs)
G2 (3-4 hrs)
Mitosis (~2 hrs)
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

7. Budding yeasts, can progress through all four stages of the cell cycle in only about 90 minutes!
Early embryos have cell cycles that last only 30 Minutes!!! These early embryonic cell cycles rapidly divide the egg cytoplasm into smaller cells. There is no G1 or G2 phase, and DNA replication occurs very rapidly.

8. CELL DIVISION
Both Mitosis AND Meiosis involve 6 distinct stages involving specific changes inside the cell
Interphase
Involves the duplicating of chromosomes and organelles and cell growth (G1, S, G2)
Chromatin is spread out in the nucleus

9. Prophase
Chromatin coils up to form chromosomes
Centromeres form to connect sister chromatids
The nuclear envelopes starts to break down

10. Metaphase
Centrioles move to opposite poles
spindle fibers form and attach to the centromeres
chromosomes line up along the equatorial plane (middle)

11. Anaphase
Chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell

12. Telophase
The cell membrane pinches inward to form two new cells
Nuclear membranes reform around the chromosomes

13. Cytokinesis
2 New daughter cells seaparate from eachother!
What is cancer?
Cancer Cancer genes we all have
Uncontrolled, abnormal cell growth
Could be brought on by environment carcinogens like UV rays, cigarette smoke, etc.

14. Cells can divide in two different ways…
MITOSIS
MEIOSIS

15. MEIOSIS VIDEO
Difference between mitosis ans meiosis – YouTube
Biology : Meiosis - cell division - YouTube

16. MITOSIS
MEIOSIS
Involved With ASEXUAL (not sexual) reproduction: growth, repair and replacement
Involved With SEXUAL reproduction: making eggs and sperm (gametes) – called “gametogenesis)
2 Cell divisions occur and 4 daughter cells are produced
Only 1 cell division occurs and 2 daughter cells are produced
Daughter Cells are genetically different from the parent cell and each other! (1/ the chromosome #)
Daughter Cells are genetically identical to the parent cell (same chromosome #)
Parent Cell and Daughter Cells have the “DIPLOID” # of chromosomes (2N or 46)
Parent Cell is “DIPLOID” (2N) but daughter cells are “HAPLOID” (half) or N or 23

17. Prophase | Genetics | Biology - YouTube

18. Spermatogenesis:
The creation of 4 haploid sperm cells from one parent cell
Oogenesis:
The creation of 1 haploid egg cell from one parent cell (the other 3 become non-functional polar bodies)

27. On back of Quest… Describe one type of cancer. Inlcude: Name of Cancer
Organ(s) affected
1 possible Risk Factor/Cause
1 possible treatment