1. Lifestyle and Culture of Newfies
Topic 3.5 Nl Studies
Lifestyle and Culture of Newfies

3. This Lesson Deals with Lifestyle/Culture of Resident fishers
late 1700’s and into 1800’s
Examine new ways of life as communities took shape

4. Life on land and sea
During migratory fishery, most harbours/coves essentially seasonal communities
As resident fishery developed, communities began to emerge *

5. Life on land and sea
Some shoreline communities did remain as “fishing stations” only
Even permanently settled communities lost some of their residents for parts of year
Why do you think this happened??

6. Fishing Station

7. LIFe on land and sea
e.g. Whole families would move to Lab. fishery in summer
e.g. Many families would move into woods for the winter
*Winterhousing*

8. Winterhousing Moved to the woods during the winter
Practiced in regions outside Avalon
Main reason: to obtain wood for fuel and shelter
Hunt

9. Inshore Fishery Became mainly a family fishery
Replaced hired hands that had been used for previous centuries

10. Outport Adaptation??
Combining cod fisheries with other fisheries or land-based work
“Subsistence Production” ??

12. 12. Common ways to earn more income
Seal Fishing/Hunt
Logging
Fur Trapping
Farming – Enough to sell crops.

13. 11. List of Subsistence Activities
Hunting – Seabirds
Farming – Vegetables
Gathering – Berry Picking
Harvesting – Timber (To Build with or Burn)
Building their own houses/Warves/boats etc.
Make their own clothes (Sew, Knit, Quilt)
Make their own Bread, Butter, Jam etc.

14. Seasonal Round
pg. 220 text
-Comparison

15. Government and Justice
Naval Governor
Appointed by British Government to handle Civil Justice
Needed way to facilitate law more effectively

16. Henry Osborne

17. Government and Justice
Magistrate: Person who administrates law
Civil Magistrate (9 districts)
Surrogate Magistrate (5 zones)
Fish Merchants considerable influence?
Improvements were made (Chief of Justice and establishment of Supreme Court)

18. Religion As permanent settlement increased so did organized religion
determined by early immigration patterns (English, Scottish, Irish, French)

19. Religion
English - Church of England (Anglican)Some Methodists/Cregationalists (United)
Irish/Highland Scots/Most French - Roman Catholics
Lowland Scots (Codroy) - Presbyterians

20. Religious Tensions Caused by growth of permanent settlement
Experienced in their European Homelands
Each religion wanted power
Churches took responsibility of education
Today?

21. Health End of 1700‘s few healthcare services available Naval Surgeons
Physician who serviced outport communities travelled long ways by snoeshoe, horseback and boat
Patients could not often afford treatment

22. Health
First Civilian Hospital was Riverhead Hospital in St.John’s (1814)
Ran largely by public donations ; struggled to provide adequate care
Three more opened in St.John’s by end of 1800’s
Rural??

24. Josephine Gibbons District Nurse – St. Mary’s Bay Area – 1938- 1975.
Performed duties of a nurse and doctor.
Delivered most children in the area.
Received the Order of Canada for her work in One of few civilians to receive this prestigious award.

25. Education Formal Education was slow to develop
Main Objective living and Survival
Fishing ( Boys )
Household production ( Girls )

26. First School First school in 1726 started by church
Some Private Schools evolved
1836 first Education Act ( grants to church)
In 1900’s less than 50% of children in school
WHY??

27. First School

28. Social Class In 1800’s two main classes
Wealthy merchants / Planters vs. Poor Fishers
Rural middle class emerged toward late 1800’s
Which social class is largest today??

29. Culture and Identity Dialects of different communities
no roads = little interaction
Do distinctive dialects still exist??
Are there still isolated outports?

30. Culture Today… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDXe0KT1HMY

31. Culture Activity Assignment
Read through some newspapers. Or go to VOCM.com.
Select 2 pieces of news.
Summarize the information in the form of a J.E.
Each Journal Entry should be ½ a page = 1 full page.
Include in your entry, how the pieces you selected, relate in the culture of NL. Think about it. Think about how our culture as a whole may feel regarding the topics you selected.
Attached both news pieces to your journal entry.

32. What is one thing that Newfoundlanders like to do?
PLAY…..