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North American Societies
Chapter 16 Section 1 North American Societies
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Key Terms Potlatch Anasazi Pueblo Mississippian Iroquois Totem
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Complex Societies in the West
North American Societies less developed than South Had complex societies Conduct long distance trade
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Cultures of Abundance Oregon to Alaska rich in resources
Most important resource was the sea Hunted whales in canoes Potlatch-give food, drink and gifts to the community (rank and prosperity)
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Accomplished Builders
Southwest- drier desert lands Hohokoam of central Arizona were farmers Used irrigation Squash Beans Corn Used pottery instead of baskets
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Accomplished Builders
Anasazi-lived in four corners region (Utah) Built cliff dwellings Mesa Verde Colorado 900’s lived in pueblos Villages of large apartment style compounds Made of stone or sun baked clay
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Accomplished Builders
Pueblo Bonita the largest means beautiful village Required high degree of organization and inventiveness Human labor quarried sandstone Used mud like mortar
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Accomplished Builders
Some walls 5 stories tall Windows small to keep out burning sun Housed 1000 people Had 600 rooms Kivas-underground ceremonial chambers used for religious practices
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Accomplished Builders
Anasazi pueblos abandoned by 1200 Hopi and Zuni used kivas (Pueblo peoples) Created pottery and baskets Traded corn and farm products with Plain Indians for buffalo and hides Comanche, Kiowa, Apache
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Mound Builders and Other Woodland Cultures
Mound builders lived east of the Mississippi River 700BC the Adena built mounds 200AD Hopewell built burial mounds Filled with gifts
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Mound Builders Mississippian were the last From 800AD to the 1500’s
Thriving villages, farming and trade Between 1000 and ,000lived in Cahokia Crossroads of east and west
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Northeastern tribes Build Alliances
Varied cultures Economic and cultural connection Trade linked people in North America Mississippian trade from Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic coast from Great Lakes to Gulf of Mexico
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Religion Shapes View of Life
Believed the world around them was filed with spirits Recognized a number of sacred spirits Great Spirit Spirits gave customs and rituals Peace and harmony from practicing rituals
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Religion Shapes View of Life
Beliefs included a great respect for the land Tried to alter land as little as possible Land was sacred Could not be bought or sold Europeans claimed lands it caused a conflict
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Shared Social Patterns
Family basis of social organization Extended family Some organized families into clans Some families lived together in a large house
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Shared Social Patterns
Totems-natural object that a can identifies with Define behaviors in social relationships Northwestern displayed totems on masks, boats huge poles in front of houses
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Shared Social Patterns
Used totem symbols in ritual dances Marriages Naming children Planting and harvesting Hundreds of different patterns of life
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