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Rupert's’ Land The HBC The NWC Transportation

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Presentation on theme: "Rupert's’ Land The HBC The NWC Transportation"— Presentation transcript:

1

2 Rupert's’ Land The HBC The NWC Transportation
The Fur Trade Rupert's’ Land The HBC The NWC Transportation

3 The Hudson’s Bay Company
The oldest commercial corporation in North America and one of the major players in the fur trade Founded in 1670 Still in business today

4 HBC and Rupert’s Land Rupert's Land was a vast continental expanse-1/3 of modern Canada-which from 1670–1870 was the exclusive commercial domain of the HBC Charles II (King of England) gave HBC a Royal Charter granting exclusive trading rights in all lands drained by rivers flowing into the Hudson’s Bay

5 Rupert’s Land

6 North West Company HBC’s main rival in the fur trade
1783 merchants living in Montreal formed the North West Company

7 HBC Trading Posts Stay by the Bay Policy
Built at the mouths of rivers , on the shore of the Hudson’s Bay First Nations fur traders travelled long distances to reach trade posts so to trade furs for HBC goods Shipped Furs from York Factory to England

8 NWC Trade Posts Trade posts established along the Northwest Rivers
First Nations did not have to travel long distances to trade posts unlike the HBC Trade goods sent from England to Montreal to Fort William to inland trade posts Could take 120 days!

9 Travelling the Northwest
Exploration and trade included travelling the extensive network of rivers and lakes Yet rivers do not always connect Rapids and waterfalls forced Voyageurs to portage boats and cargo to the next section of the river

10 NWC Canoes NWC Canoes adapted from those used by First Nations
Large Canot du Maitre Smaller Canot du Nord Able to navigate small rivers

11 HBC York Boats HBC York Boats based upon small fishing boats in Scotland Ideal for long inland travel

12 Why were HBC York Boats better than NWC canoes?
Sturdier- Could withstand collisions with rocks Year Round Boats- Ice worthy Steadier- Large beam and high bow Faster- Large sail increased speed without exhausting the crew

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14 David Thompson The greatest explorer to map and survey the Northwest
Mapped over 3.9 Million square Kilometers of North America Worked for the HBC then the NWC Found a route for NWC traders across the Rocky Mountains

15 NWC and HBC Policy on Marriage
Supported marriage between First Nations women and Fur Traders Argued that marriage helped social and economic relations Opposed marriage between Fur Traders and First Nations women Tried to impose celibacy Believed dependents would be a drain on resources Against racial/ethnic mixing

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