1. Bell Work - KWL
Copy the following table down on a clean piece of paper (This will go in your notes). Leave plenty of space in the second row.
Then, fill in what you know and what you want to know.
Know
Want to Know
Learned

2. Lecture #5 Holy Roman Empire
Geography
Republic of Rome
Empire
Roman Military
Architecture

3. Objectives
S2C2PO3- Analyze the enduring Greek and Roman contributions and their impact on later civilizations
A- Development and concepts of government and citizenship
B- Scientific and cultural advancements

4. I. Geography of Rome A. Italian Peninsula B. Mediterranean sea
C. Island of Sicily
D. The Alps in the North
E. Pleasant climate.

5. Natural Advantages
F. Fertile soil
G. Tiber River
H. Port of Ostia

7. II. Founding the Republic
B.C.- Republic established
2. Republic- all power rest with the citizens who have the right to elect their leaders
3. Leaders were called patricians (wealthy landowners).

8. A. Early Government
1. Consuls- two patricians who ran the government and led the army.
2. Senate- a 300 member council of patricians was the most powerful part of government.
3. Plebeians- the common people, had little say in government.

9. B. Changes in Government
1. Plebeians could not hold government office or marry patricians.
2. The plebeians threatened to stop serving in army so patricians allowed them to form own assembly.
3. Assembly had power to pass laws for common people.
4. Tribunes- leaders in assembly, could veto actions of the Senate.

10. Changes in Government 5. Roman laws collected and written down
6. First time laws were written down
7. Twelve Tables(laws)- gave the common people some protection against unfair decisions of the judges
8. Dealt with legal procedures, property ownership, marriage customs, crime punishments

11. Review Questions Describe the geography of Rome. What is a republic?
Who were the patricans?
Who were the plebeians?
What were the Twelve Tablets?
Why are they important?

12. III. Military of Rome

13. A. Advances in Military 1. Legions – 6,000 soldiers &100 cavalry.
Superior discipline and organization.

14. B. Weapons
1. Battering Ram Catapult

15. Government & Military Assignment
Now, you will take the information we have just learned about and copy it into a table. You will need your Greek notes as well. This will be checked at the end of class.
Greek
Roman
American

16. IV. Roman Family A. Extended families.
B. Rewarded parents and penalized bachelors.
C. Father had absolute power
Could sell son or daughter.
D. Schools emphasized the study of history.

17. Roman Family E. Women had few legal rights.
Could not vote or hold public office.
F. Roman attitudes towards women not as strict as the Greeks.
G. Roman worshipped many gods.

18. V. ARCHITECTURE

19. A. Columns of Rome 2. Placed imposts at the top of columns for beauty.
1. Adapted from Greek columns.
2. Placed imposts at the top of columns for beauty.

20. Examples of Columns

21. B. Aqueducts 1. Canal-like stone structure used to transport water.
2. First use of water pressure (Slope and width)

22. Pont du Gard

23. C. Roman Roads 1. For military needs 2. Holes for drainage
3. Used stones, sand, gravel
4. Concrete- a new building material introduced by Romans

24. Road in Pompei

25. D. Bath Houses of Rome
1. Patricians- elaborate with hot and cold running water
2. Plebians- very basic
3. Discuss politics here

26. Bath House in Ostia

27. E. Arch / Vault 1. Arch– symbol of Roman might
2. Series of Arches in a circle creates a vault (dome).

28. Anatomy of Arch

29. Example of a Roman Arch

30. F. Pantheon
1. Oldest building still in tact.

31. 1. Used for gladiator battles.
G. Colosseum
1. Used for gladiator battles.

32. Colosseum
Interior
of the Colosseum

33. Inside Colosseum

34. Roman Forum