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Cardiothoracic anatomy
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CT anatomy
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Overview mediastinum Layer Zone 1 (T1 – T4) Zone 2 (T5 – T8)
1 – Posterior channels Only thoracic duct Thoracic duct Azygos vein Descending thoracic aorta 2 – Tubular viscera Trachea Oesophagus Main bronchi 3 – Heart and arteries Arch of the aorta 3 main branches off aortic arch Ascending aorta Pulmonary trunk Heart 4 – Veins Brachiocephalic veins SVC Heart (no actual veins) 5 – Anterior mediastinal structures and fat Thymus Anterior mediastinal fat ?Thymus Overview mediastinum
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Superior mediastinum
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Superior mediastinum
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Superior mediastinum
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Superior mediastinum
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Superior mediastinum
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Middle zone
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Middle zone
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Middle zone
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Middle zone
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Middle zone
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Middle zone
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Middle zone
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Lower zone
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Lower zone
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Lower zone
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Lower zone
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Lower zone
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Lower zone
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Approach to Chest CT
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Mediastinum Lungs Pleura MSK Chest wall 5 point checklist
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Checklist of pathologies to check
Trauma Chest pain / SOB Neoplasm Mediastinum Vascular injury Oesophageal injury Injury to Bronchus Pneumomediastinum Tracheal deviation Pericardial fluids Cardiomegaly Pulmonary embolus Aortic dissection Lymph nodes Mediastinal nodes Pericardial effusions Lungs Pulmonary contusions Pulmonary consolidation Pulmonary collapse Pulmonary mass Hilar shadowing Pulmonary mass – Primary, secondary Pleura Pneumothorax Haemothorax Pleural effusions MSK Fracture – Sternum, Ribs, Vertebrae Rib fractures Kyphoscoliosis Bone mets Chest wall Haematoma NA Previous evidence mastectomy Axillary lymphadenopathy Checklist of pathologies to check
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