1. The Triumph of Elizabeth 1563-1603
How effectively did the Tudors restore and develop the powers of monarchy?
In what ways and how effectively was England governed during this period?
How did relations with foreign powers change and how was the succession secured?
How far did intellectual and religious ideas change and develop and with what effects?
How important was the role of key individuals and groups and how were they affected by developments?

2. Syllabus
Foreign affairs: issues of succession; Mary Queen of Scots: relations with Spain

3. What do you think were the main priorities for Tudor monarchs when considering foreign policy?

4. Priorities for Tudor monarchs
The protection of the cloth trade between England and the Netherlands
The prevention of a hostile country building up a power base along the English Channel or in Ireland
The protection of the northern borders because Scotland was traditionally an ally of France

5. Elizabeth’s foreign policy: The Traditional View
What ‘view’ is summed up in this picture?

6. Elizabeth’s foreign policy: The Traditional View – Elizabeth won Yeah!
Elizabeth defeats the Armada. English maritime power is established. She’s a huge success. Hurrah! Well done Elizabeth!

7. But it’s a bit more complicated that than. Key questions:
How far were Elizabeth and her ministers in control?
Did Elizabeth have a foreign policy or was she just reacting to events?
How far was religion the driving force behind Elizabeth’s decisions?
Was war with Spain inevitable?

8. Did Philip and Elizabeth want war?
No but events drove them towards it – Mary Q/S , excommunication 1570, dutch war

9. Tensions between England and Spain 1558-1588 page 220-2
What happened in 1566? What would the reaction in England be?
Why was the Netherlands important to England?
What did Elizabeth want to happen in the Netherlands?
Why didn’t Elizabeth support the rebels officially?
How did she support them unofficially?
Do Foreign policy work on page 6&7 in homework booklet

10. War page
Why was war more likely in 1584? 3 reasons
What was the solution?
What were the terms of the treaty? ( and its name)
What did Elizabeth's government do – 2 things

11. What do you know about the Spanish Armada?

12. “God blew and they were scattered”

14. Armada 1588 Why did it fail. /Did the English win. https://vimeo
om/
utube.com/watc h?v=34XrdXiOQ TY more detail ignore ending
utube.com/watc h?v=YlDA8cquO cU dan snow

15. Foreign policy 1558-72? Support for Protestants
Trade with the Netherlands
Improved relations with France
Privateers and sea beggars
1572
Revolt in the Netherlands begins
Massacre of St Bartholomew’s Eve

16. Foreign policy 1572-85? Support for Protestants
Trade with the Netherlands
Improved relations with France
Privateers and sea beggars
Avoid war
Revolt in the Netherlands

17. Foreign policy
Direct Support for Protestants in the Netherlands
Trade with the Netherlands
Privateers and sea beggars
War

18. “God blew and they were scattered” So what, now what?

19. Where can we attack the Spanish

20. Where can we attack the Spanish

21. Where can we attack the Spanish

23. How successful was foreign policy 1588-1603?
War with Spain
Evidence of Success
Evidence of Failure
Overall Judgement /10
Netherlands
1590s Maurice of Nassau helped by a small no of English and English money win victories
Leicester's expedition in 1585
1594 Dutch in control of northern part
At Sea/New World
France
Portugal & Spain
Overall

24. Netherlands
Not openly support rebels but prevent Spain recovering control

25. War with Spain was inevitable? Assess the validity of this view
Armada
but
Policy or not?
Caution = Philip and Eliz tried to avoid war
Lack of money economic depression
Let the Dutch/French fight the war for her
Loss of trade
Becomes queen

26. She was not one of England’s great war leaders and she only half achieved her aims. Yet to have helped the French monarchy to its feet, to have saved half the Netherlands from Spanish tyranny, to have kept the other half out of Spanish possessions and England itself out of bankruptcy, was a fair achievement against Philip II of Spain
Elizabeth’s war aims and strategy, RB Wernham 1961

28. Cost of war War in Netherlands £2 million 1585-98
War in France £580,
Armada campaign £161,
Crush rebellion in Ireland £1million

29. Exploration and colonisation
Homework book
Pic – walter raleigh

30.
Tobacco

31. Exam practice questions
To what extent did the Spanish Armada symbolise a failure in Elizabeth’s foreign policy?
To what extent was Elizabethan foreign policy proactive?
Was war with Spain inevitable