1. Key Learning: The historical evidence supports the changing relationship between the colonists and the mother country. Unit Essential Question: How does historical evidence support the change in the relationship between colonists and the mother country that occurred from early colonization to a declaration of independence?

2. Unit 1: Colonization of North America
Concept #1: Colonial Development
How are the essential components of each region's interconnection uniting the English colonies?

3. Warm-Up Think-Pair-Share for Basket Shots
Directions: View the map below to answer questions 1-2 below.

4. Which nations lost territory after 1763? The French
Warm-Up Answers
Which nations lost
territory after 1763?
The French
2. Which nations gained
The British, Spanish

5. Main Idea: Britain’s victory in the French & Indian War forced France to give up its North American colonies.
Why It Matters Now: British influence spread over North America, though French populations and place names still exist here.

6. The French and Indian War
Each side had Native American allies.
Native American groups competed for furs, and through their alliances with European trading partners, they obtained weapons and become involved in European conflicts.

7. Planting the seeds for the French & Indian War
The seeds for the French and Indian War were planned when British fur traders began moving into the Ohio River valley in the 1750s.
Charles de Langlade (French) controlled the fur trade.
In 1752, Charles commanded 250 Ottawa and Chippewa warriors in an attack on the village of Pickawillany in Ohio.
His reason: the Miami people who lived there had stopped trading with the French and were now trading with the British.

8. How did the fur trade lead to wars?
Check Point Think-Pair-Share for Basket Shots! **Make sure you talk about it with your entire table!!
How did the fur trade lead to wars?

9. How did the fur trade lead to wars?
Native American groups competed for furs, and through their alliances with European trading partners, they obtained weapons and became involved in European conflicts.

10. Fort Duquesne(Pronounced du-KAYN)
To keep the British out of the valley, Charles destroyed the village of Pickawillany and its British trading post.
This upset the Virginia colony, which claimed title to the land.
Virginia’s lieutenant governor sent about 40 men to build a fort at the head of the Ohio River, where Pittsburg stands today.
French and Native American troops seized the partially built fort and completed it themselves.

11. War Begins and Spreads
George Washington was on his way to defend Fort Duquesne when he learned of its surrender. He and his men pushed on and build another fort, Fort Necessity.
Following Washington’s surprise attack on a French force, the French & their allies attacked Fort Necessity.
Washington surrendered Fort Necessity

12. Albany Plan of Union
Benjamin Franklin suggested that the colonies band together for defense.
His Albany Plan of Union was the first formal proposal to unite the colonies.
The plan called for each colony to send representatives to a Grand Council. The council would be able to collect taxes, raise armies, make treaties, and start new settlements.
Colonial legislatures would eventually defeat this plan because they didn’t want to give up control of their own affairs.

13. Braddock’s Defeat General Braddock – a British Officer
George Washington, Braddock & their red-coated (British) army of 2,100 marched toward the French at Fort Duquesne
On July 9, on a narrow trail 8 miles from Fort Duquesne, fewer than 900 French and Indian troops surprised Braddock’s forces.

14. Braddock’s Defeat continued..
Braddock’s force was unprotected and easy for the enemy to see.
Washington suggested that his men break formation & fight from behind the trees, but Braddock would not listen.
In the end, nearly 1,000 men were killed or wounded.
General Braddock died from his wounds.

15. Check Point Think-Pair-Share for Basket Shots!
Why was Braddock defeated by a smaller enemy force?

16. Why was Braddock defeated by a smaller enemy force?
Braddock’s force was unprotected and easy to see.

17. Battle of Quebec
In the late summer, the British began to attack France at its capital, Quebec.
Quebec sat on cliffs 300 ft. above the St. Lawrence River. Cannon and thousands of soldiers guarded its thick walls.

18. Battle of Quebec continued..
In September, a British scout found a steep, unguarded path up the cliffs to the plains just west of Quebec.
At night, Wolfe & 4,000 of his men floated to the path & secretly climbed the cliffs.
When the French awoke, the British were lined up on the plains, ready to attack.
Quebec surrendered to the British.
The Battle of Quebec was the turning point of the war.

19. Check Point Think-Pair-Share for Basket Shots!
How were the British able to capture Quebec?

20. How were the British able to capture Quebec?
They surprised the French by climbing an unguarded path up to the city.

21. Treaty of Paris
When the Seven Years’ War ended in 1763, Britain had won.
By the Treaty of Paris, Britain claimed all of North America east of the Miss. River.
The treaty ended French power in N. America.

23. Which nations lost territory after 1763? The French
Review
Which nations lost
territory after 1763?
The French
2. Which nations gained
The British

24. List three effects of the French & Indian War.
Exit Ticket
List three effects of the French & Indian War.

25. Results of the French and Indian War
French kicked out of North America
English claimed all land to the Mississippi River
Land traded back and forth over time
Indians gained nothing for their contributions

26. Crash Course French & Indian War
Stop at 5:30

27. French and Indian War Worksheet
You have 7 minutes to complete the French and Indian War Worksheet
DO NOT WRITE ON THE WORKSHEET – PLEASE USE LINED PAPER!! (LINED PAPER IS IN THE BACK OF THE ROOM)
We will go over answers for BASKET SHOTS!!

28. After The War
After French forces withdrew, the British took over their forts. British settlers also moved across the mountains onto Native American land.
They refused to give supplies to the Native Americans, as the French had.

29. Pontiac’s Rebellion
In the spring and summer of 1763, the Native American groups responded by attacking settlers and destroying almost every British fort west of the Appalachians. They surrounded the three remaining forts.
(siege = a military operation in which enemy forces surround a town or building, cutting off essential supplies, with the aim of compelling the surrender of those inside)

30. Pontiac’s Rebellion continued..
This revolt was called Pontiac’s Rebellion, although the Ottawa war leader Pontiac was only one of many organizers.

31. Check Point Think-Pair-Share for Basket Shots!!
Why did the Native Americans attack the British?

32. Why did the Native Americans attack the British?
Settlers claimed their land, and soldiers treated them harshly.

33. Pontiac’s Rebellion Video

34. How the British reacted..
The British settlers reacted with equal viciousness, killing even Indians who had not attacked them.
British officers came up with a brutal plan to end the Delaware siege at Fort Pitt.

35. The brutal reaction from the British
British officers invited Delaware war leaders in to talk and then gave them smallpox-infected blankets as gifts. This started a deadly outbreak.

36. What is smallpox? Smallpox is a deadly virus that is eradicated
(no longer in existence).
Smallpox was characterized by the eruption of
hundreds or thousands of fluid-filled blisters on
the skin of an infected person as well as high
fever, blood poisoning, and organ failure.
As many as 90% of Native Americans who died
during the Age of Exploration and New World
settlement, died of Smallpox and other diseases
brought by European explorers and settlers,
making disease the single greatest factor
contributing to the collapse of native tribes and
empires. 

37. Why was the Proclamation of 1763 issued?
By the fall, the Native Americans had retreated.
Even so, the uprising made the British government see that defending Western lands would be costly.
Therefore, the British issued the Proclamation of 1763, which forbade colonists to settle west of the Appalachian mountains.

38. Check Point Think-Pair-Share for Basket Shots!!
What were some of the effects of Pontiac’s Rebellion?

39. What were some of the effects of Pontiac’s Rebellion?
British settlers reacted with equal viciousness, killing even Indians who had not attacked them.
British officers came up with a brutal plan to end the Delaware siege at Fort Pitt. The officers invited Delaware war leaders in to talk and then gave them smallpox-infected blankets as gifts. This started a deadly outbreak.

40. What were some of the effects of Pontiac’s Rebellion?
The uprising made the British govt. see that defending Western lands would be costly.
Therefore, the British issued the Proclamation of 1763, which forbade colonists to settle west of the Appalachians.

41. Pontiac’s Rebellion History Channel
40 mins