1. “The Great War for Empire”
The French & Indian War
(1754 to 1763)
“The Great War for Empire”
Chapter 5, Section 1

2. North America in 1750

3. 1754  The First Clash Ohio Valley British French
Fort Necessity Fort Duquesne

4. 1754  Albany Congress Albany Plan of Union: FAILED British Colonists
Iroquois: no alliance
Albany Plan of Union:
FAILED

5. 1755  British/French Conflicts
General Braddock
Goal: OH Valley (Fort Duquesne)
Failed
Braddock killed

6. 1756  War Formally Declared!
Seven Years’ War
Lord Loudouin
Marquis de Montcalm
Other failures
Fort Oswego (Lake Ontario)
Fort William Henry (Lake George)

7. British-American Colonial Tensions
Colonists
British
Methods of Fighting:
Native American guerilla tactics
March in formation / bayonet charge
Military Organization:
Militias with own captains
British officers wanted to command
Military Discipline:
No deference or protocols
Drills & tough discipline
Finances:
Resistance to rising taxes
Colonists should pay for their own defense
Demeanor:
Casual, non-professionals
Formal, officers, servants

8. 1757  William Pitt: Foreign Prime Minister
Understood colonial concerns
Offered compromise:
- Loyalty & cooperation 
Financial reimbursement
- Lord Loudouin  James Wolfe
RESULT?  Increased morale
 New phase in war

9. 1758-1761  The Tide Turns for England

10. 1763  Treaty of Paris France: LOST  Canada Most of empire in India
Lands east of Mississippi River
Spain: GAINED 
Fr. lands west of Mississippi
New Orleans
LOST  Florida to England

11. 1763  Treaty of Paris England: GAINED 
Canada, Fr. lands east of Mississippi, Florida
Exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade
Commercial dominance in India

12. North America in 1750

13. North America in 1763

14. Why was 1763
a "turning point"
in British-Colonial
relationships???