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Electromagnetic Spectrum and Colors
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The EM Spectrum
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Speed of all electromagnetic waves is constant = speed of light
High Frequency = Small Wavelength = High Energy Gamma Rays Low Frequency = Large Wavelength = Low Energy Radio Waves
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Energy
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Radio Waves Wavelengths Sources Uses 30 cm to longer than our planet
Stars Transmitters Uses AM Radio = Amplitude Modulation FM Radio = Frequency Modulation Television Cell phones Radar
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Energy
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Microwaves Wavelengths Sources Uses 30 cm to 1 mm Stars Magnetron
In microwave ovens Cell phones, GPS Wi-Fi Doppler Radar (Weather maps) Radar
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Energy
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Infrared Waves Wavelengths Sources Uses 1 mm to 700 nm Stars Organisms
Heat Sources Uses Night Vision Thermal Imaging Remote Controls
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Energy
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Visible Light Region of the EM spectrum that the human eye can detect
All the colors (ROYGBIV - this is order of colors in increasing energy / decreasing wavelength / increasing frequency) Wavelengths 700 nm to 400 nm Sources Stars Light Bulbs Lasers Uses Sight Communication R O Y G. B I V red orange yellow green blue indigo violet
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Energy
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Ultraviolet Waves Wavelengths Sources Uses UVA = tanning, wrinkles
400 nm to 60 nm Sources Stars Black Lights (UVA) Mercury-Vapor Lamps (UVB and UVC) Uses Sterilization Security Forensics Chemical Markers UVA = tanning, wrinkles UVB = tanning, sunburn, cancer UVC = used for sterilization, most dangerous
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Energy
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X-Rays Wavelengths Sources Uses
60 nm to nm Sources Stars X-Ray Tubes Uses Medical Imaging Security Astronomy Can penetrate soft tissue, but not bone
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Energy
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Radiation treatment using radioactive cobalt-60.
Gamma Rays Wavelengths 0.1 nm to nm Sources Radioactive atoms (radioactive waste from nuclear fission plants releases gamma rays) Stars Uses Cancer radiation treatments Radiation treatment using radioactive cobalt-60.
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Light and Color Opaque Translucent Transparent
Absorbs or reflects all light (can’t see through it) Translucent Allows some light to pass through it Transparent Allows light to pass through completely
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Additive Color White light In white light, an object…
contains all visible colors - ROYGBIV In white light, an object… reflects the color you see absorbs all other colors Primary Additive Colors Red Green Blue Examples Computer Monitors (kinda) Televisions (kinda)
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Subtractive Color Pigments, Dyes, Inks, Paints
colored material that absorbs and reflects different colors Primary Subtractive Colors Magenta Cyan Yellow Examples Color Ink Cartridges
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Negative Afterimage - One set of cones gets tired, and the remaining cones produce an image in the complimentary color.
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Vocabulary: Order of all 7 EM waves (longest to shortest wavelength) Order of all 7 colors (longest to shortest wavelength) Uses of Radio Waves Uses of Microwaves Uses of Infrared Uses of Visible Light Uses of Ultraviolet Uses of X-Rays Uses of Gamma Rays Opaque Translucent Transparent 3 Primary Additive Colors of Light 3 Subtractive Colors of Light
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Exit Ticket: #9-12
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9. What type of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?
Gamma rays Microwaves Light waves Radio waves
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10. What type of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?
Gamma rays Microwaves Ultraviolet waves Radio waves
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11. What type of electromagnetic radiation has the most energy?
Radio waves X-rays Infrared waves Gamma Rays
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12. What color has the SHORTEST wavelength?
Violet Yellow Red Green
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