1. L.T.M. Contents & the case of H.M. September 14, 2012
Cognitive Psychology
Day #5 of 8 Mark Rafter
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L.T.M. Contents & the case of H.M. September 14, 2012

2. The Contents of Memory and the case of H.M.
Compare & contrast three types of information in LTM: (a) semantic, (b) episodic, and (c) procedural The Case Study of H.M.
The relative likelihood of forming a false memory for each type of information: semantic, episodic, and procedural

3. …but first, a bit more information about Remembering & Forgetting.

4. In our last episode, we experienced the process of recognition.

5. Find the real penny.

7. Now, we will experience the process of recall.

8. Recall A Free Recall test of a list of items.
Free Recall: Recall list items in any order Serial Recall: Recall list items in their original order
A Free Recall test of a list of items.
Wait until you hear the prompt and then recall the items.

9. Pathways of Remembering
Sensory Memory
STM
LTM
“Items Sensed” 3 4
“Items Stored” 2 5 1
“The Prompt” to Recall the items is: “Begin recall.” 7 6 7
“Items Recalled”
Mark Rafter ( )

10. The List Items Sharp Injection Haystack Tack Ouch Eye Pin Skin Prick
Stitch
Thread
Pain

11. Pathways of Remembering
Sensory Memory
STM
LTM
“Items Sensed” 3 4
“Items Stored” 2 5 1 7 6
“Needle” 7
“Items Recalled”
Mark Rafter ( )
“Needle”

12. Intrusions may occur when we recall a memory.
We are likely to find the “needle” in the haystack. …even if it was never there. Intrusions occur when information that was not originally presented is later recalled.

13. One more Free Recall test of a list of items.
Free Recall: Recall list items in any order
Serial Recall: Recall list items in their original order
One more Free Recall test of a list of items.

14. The List Items 1. Three 2. East 3. Ear 4. North 5. Yellow 6. Eye
7. Red
8. Two
9. West
10. White
11. One
12. Nose
13. South
14. Form
15. Blue
16. Throat

15. Pathways of Remembering
Sensory Memory
STM
LTM
“Items Sensed” 3 4
“Items Stored” 2 5 1
“The Prompt” to Recall the items 7 6 7
“Items Recalled”
Mark Rafter ( )

16. Confusions may occur when we recall a memory.
We are likely to recall the number “four”. …even if it was never there. Confusions occur when information that was originally presented is confused with other information that is later recalled. “Acoustical confusions” are common.

17. Working Memory (STM) B B Z D E B
Baddeley, A.D. (2000). The episodic buffer: A new component of working memory? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4,

19. Day #4 of 8 Forgetting The seven sins of memory
Compare & contrast different forms (pathways) of forgetting
decay, interference, amnesia
The seven sins of memory
(Daniel Schacter)

20. Forgetting

21. Pathways of Remembering
Sensory Memory
STM
LTM
Mark Rafter ( )

22. Pathways of Forgetting
Sensory Memory
STM
LTM
Mark Rafter ( )

23. Pathways of ForgettingB E D C
Sensory Memory
STM
LTM
Mark Rafter ( )

24. Pathways of Forgetting
Arrow Letter
Type of Forgetting A
Interference & Decay (Trace Decay) B
Interference & Decay C
Interference (Proactive & Retroactive) D
Inadequate Cue Missing Context
Aphasia & Apraxia Dissociation
Amnesia (Anterograde & Retrograde) E
Permanent Injury