1. Circulatory System

2. What are some functions of the circulatory system?
Heat Regulation
Protection
Antibodies
White blood cells
Repair – clotting
Hormone transport
O2 and CO2 transport
Transport of nutrients and wastes

3. Hematology – the study of blood

4. Characteristics of Blood
Blood = plasma + cells
Plasma = liquid portion of blood
90% water
Contains dissolved substances (proteins, gases, salts, nutrients)
Cells

7. Red Blood Cells Contain hemoglobin for oxygen transport
Biconcave disk shape (↑surface area)
Made in red bone marrow
25 trillion in adult male
day life span
Broken down in liver
Iron recycled
Protein turned into biliruben and excreted

8. Section 37.2 Summary – pages 975-984
Red blood cells: Oxygen carriers
Side view
2.0 micrometers
The round, disk-shaped cells in blood are red blood cells.
Top view
7.5 micrometers
Red blood cells carry oxygen to body cells.
Section 37.2 Summary – pages

9. White blood cells Fight infection
Formed in lymph tissue, spleen and bone marrow
Different kinds

11. Platelets Clot blood with help of proteins in blood
Fragments of large cells in bone marrow

13. Blood Types ABO system 4 types (A, B, AB, O)
Indicates presence/absence of antigen A and antigen B (on surface of RBC)
Clumping is caused by RBC with their antigen mixed with matching antibody in plasma
Only worry about donor’s cells and recipient’s antibodies

14. Type A
Type B
Type O
Type AB

16. A patient with type A needs a blood transfusion, what type(s) of blood can he receive? Explain your answer.
He can receive from
Type A (same as his type)
Type O : the patient has antibodies against B and type O has no B antigens.

17. The Heart Structure 4 Chambers 4 immediate blood vessels
R and L atria – collect blood
R and L ventricles – pump blood
4 immediate blood vessels
Arteries – away from the heart
Pulmonary artery – to lungs
Aorta – to body
Veins blood to heart
Pulmonary vein – from lungs
Vena cavae (inferior and superior) – from body

19. 4 valves – keep blood from backflow Tissue layers
Pericardium: fibrous sack around heart. Contains fluid for protection
Epicardium: outermost layer, contains vessels
Myocardium: muscle layer, thickest in left ventricle (why?)

22. II. Pathway of Blood Flow

25. III. Cardiac Cycle: repeated pattern of contraction and relaxation
Systole = Contraction (highest pressure)
Diastole = Relaxation (lowest pressure)
Normal blood pressure value: 120/80
Contraction triggered by SA node “the pacemaker”