1. Starter – 5 marks

3. Control of the Cardiovascular system
Learning Objectives
Know how the Cardiac Control Centre regulates the heart.
Understand how the cardiac system responds to exercise.
Be able to explain how the CCC regulates the heart in response to exercise

4. Toot Hill Target

5. Regulation during exercise
Neural
Neural
Regulation of HR
Factors
affecting CCC
Neural
+ HR
- HR
Where is it?
Neural
The Cardiac
Control Centre
Intrinsic
What does it do?
How does
it work?
Intrinsic
Hormonal
Regulation during exercise

7. How HR is controlled
Control of the heart is regulated by the Cardiac Control Centre (CCC), located in the medulla oblongata in the brain.
CCC
Neural
Hormonal
Intrinsic
Chemoreceptors
Proprioceptors
Baroreceptors
Thermoreceptors
What do each of these receptors do?

8. Match the picture to the Neural Factor

9. Neural Factors Proprioceptors:
Located in the muscles, tendons and joints. Send messages to the CCC that the amount of movement has increased and that more O2 will be required at the muscles.
Chemoreceptors:
Located in the aorta and carotid arteries. Inform the CCC that the chemical composition of blood has changed; eg. changes in O2 and CO2.
Baroreceptors:
Inform the CCC of changes in blood pressure as a result of increased activity. Also inform CCC of increased stretch of blood vessel walls
Thermoreceptors:
Inform the CCC of increased temperature of blood.

10. How HR is controlled
Control of the heart is regulated by the Cardiac Control Centre (CCC), located in the medulla oblongata in the brain.
CCC
Neural
Hormonal
Intrinsic
Temperature Changes
Venous return changes

11. Intrinsic Control
Temperature changes Change the viscosity of the blood and speed of nerve impulses
Venous return changes
Affects the stretch of the ventricle walls, force of contraction and therefore…

12. How HR is controlled
Control of the heart is regulated by the Cardiac Control Centre (CCC), located in the medulla oblongata in the brain.
CCC
Neural
Hormonal
Intrinsic
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline

13. Hormonal Control
Adrenaline & noradrenaline are released by the adrenal glands – Both are transmitters for the Sympathetic N.S
Increasing the force of ventricular contraction – therefore…increases

14. Two ANS systems control HR:
Sympathetic system
Responsible for INCREASING the heart rate, during exercise
Parasympathetic system
Responsible for DECREASING the heart rate, during recovery
At exercise the Sympathetic system is activated due to information received in the CCC (our neural factors).

15. What do you think is the overall aim of the CCC?
Why CCC?
It is a combination of all of these factors that inform the CCC that activity has increased/decreased and that something needs to be done.
What do you think is the overall aim of the CCC?
To INCREASE Cardiac Output in response to exercise

16. Checking progress
Write down three neural factors that are involved in regulating the cardiac system
Write down the location of the Cardiac Control Centre
What nervous system is responsible for INCREASING HR?

17. Exam Question
Explain how intrinsic control mechanisms cause cardiac output to increase during exercise. [5 marks]
Break this question down on the board.

18. The question is essentially in two parts:
The Neural factors that affect the cardiac system
Including:
How the heart is controlled
Receptors used
The conduction system of the heart
An understanding of venous return
How these relate to and impact on an endurance performer
What is the overall aim in endurance performance
How the above allows us to achieve this

19. Exam Question
Describe the neural mechanisms which cause heart rate to change during exercise [4 marks]
B.U.G the question:
Box command words
Underline key terms
Gather the information
Describe neural factors which regulate the cardiac system during exercise.
Explain how these systems affect an endurance performer.

20. Describe the neural mechanisms which cause heart rate to change during exercise. [4]
Key Terms
Logical Order
Don’t Repeat
Structure - IDEA
Practical EG’s
Address the Q
Get to Point
Literacy

21. Neural Heart Control

22. Homework – Exam Question
Explain how intrinsic control mechanisms cause cardiac output to increase during exercise? (5 marks)

23. Cardiac Output