1. Non Verbal Communication
September 22, 2018September 22, 2018

2. Objectives
Hone your interpersonal advantages while interacting with others
Recognize how the eyes, face, body, and appearance can send nonverbal messages
Explore non-verbal behaviours that play a vital role in our communication
Analyze the importance of nonverbal communication
Understand eye access cues and what each cue communicates

3. challenge
Please write a one sentence definition of “Non-verbal communication”

4. What is non verbal communication?
Nonverbal communication is usually understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages
Such messages can be communicated through gesture; body language or posture; facial expression and eye contact; object communication such as clothing, hairstyles

5. Humans use non-verbal communication because
Words have limitations
Nonverbal signals are powerful
Nonverbal message are likely to be more genuine
Nonverbal signals can express feelings inappropriate to state
A separate communication channel is necessary to help send complex messages
Words have limitations: There are numerous areas where nonverbal communication is more effective than verbal (when explain the shape, directions, personalities are expressed nonverbally)
Nonverbal signal are powerful: Nonverbal cues primary express inner feelings (verbal messages deal basically with outside world).
Nonverbal message are likely to be more genuine: because nonverbal behaviors cannot be controlled as easily as spoken words. Nonverbal signals can express feelings inappropriate to state: Social etiquette limits what can be said, but nonverbal cues can communicate thoughts.
A separate communication channel is necessary to help send complex messages: A speaker can add enormously to the complexity of the verbal message through simple nonverbal signals.

6. FUNcTIONS of non verbal communication
Express emotions
Express interpersonal attitudes
To accompany speech in managing the cues of interaction between speakers and listeners
Self-presentation of one’s personality
Rituals (greetings)

7. Advantage of non verbal communication
You can communicate with someone who is hard of hearing of deaf.
You can communicate at place where you are supposed to maintain silence.
You can communicate something which you don't want others to hear or listen to.
You can communicate if you are far away from a person. The person can see but not hear you.
Non-verbal communication makes conversation short and brief.

8. Disadvantage of non verbal communication
You cannot have long conversation.
It varies culture to culture.
Cannot discuss the particulars of your message.
Difficult to understand and requires a lot of repetitions.
Cannot be used as a public tool for communication.
Less influential and cannot be used everywhere.

9. Nonverbal cues can play five roles
Repetition: they can repeat the message the person is making verbally
Contradiction: they can contradict a message the individual is trying to convey
Substitution: they can substitute for a verbal message. For example, a person's eyes can often convey a far more vivid message than words can often do
Complementing: they may add to or complement a verbal message. A boss who pats a person on the back in addition to giving praise can increase the impact of the message
Accenting: non-verbal communication may accept or underline a verbal message. Pounding the table, for example, can underline a message.

10. How is Meaning Conveyed?7%
spoken or written words
A "majority" of the meaning we attribute to words comes not from the words themselves, but from nonverbal factors such as gestures, facial expressions, tone, body language, etc.
55%
Face and body: non-verbal communication or face and body language.
38%
voice dynamics:
tone + inflection + volume + accent + non-word sounds; and...

11. Non-verbal communication or face and body language constitutes 93% of message

12. Types of nonverbal communication
Kinesics (body language) Body motions such as shrugs, foot tapping, drumming fingers, eye movements such as winking, facial expressions, and gestures
Proxemics (proximity) Use of space to signal privacy or attraction
Haptics Touch
Oculesics Eye contact
Chronemics Use of time, waiting, pausing
Olfactics Smell
ParalanguageTone of voice, timbre, volume, speed

13. Types of nonverbal communication
Sound symbols Grunting, mmm, er, ah, uh-huh, mumbling
Silence Pausing, waiting, secrecy
Posture Position of the body, stance
Adornment Clothing, jewellery, hairstyle
Locomotion Walking, running, staggering, limping

14. There are six main facial expression found in all cultures
KINESICS
Facial expressions
You have 80 muscles in your face that can create more than7,000 facial expressions.
There are six main facial expression found in all cultures
Happiness (round eyes, smile, round cheek)
Fear (around eyes, open mouth)
Angry (lower eyebrow, and stare intensely)
Disgusting (wrinkled nose, lowered eyelids and eyebrow, raised upper lips)
Surprise (raised eyebrow, wide open eyes, open mouth)
Sadness (area around mouth and eyes)

15. Varieties of expressions

16. Gestures
It’s the Body movement while talking, which reinforces what you want to say.
Gestures may be ‘warm’ or ‘cold’. Warm gesture include leaning towards people, smiling and touching.
Avoid nervousness, i.e., scratching your arms, tugging your ears or licking your lips.

17. Regulate the flow of conversation.
Deliberate movements and signals: Common gestures include waving, pointing, and using fingers to indicate number amounts.
Regulate the flow of conversation.
For example, if a student is talking in class, single nods of the head from the teacher will likely cause that student to continue and perhaps elaborate.
Positive Gestures
Open Palms
Eye-to-eye confrontation
Smile
Equal Handshake

18. BODY LANGUAGE AND POSTURE
Posture and movement can also convey a great deal on information. Such as arm-crossing, and leg-crossing, hands in the pocket, hands on the hips.
People communicate by the way they walk, stand, and sit.
Body orientation also indicates status or liking of the other individual
Body postures and movements are frequently indicators of self- confidence, energy, fatigue, or status
Positive Gestures
Open Palms
Postures
Standing position
Walking style
Hand Movements
Eye-to-eye confrontation
Smile Equal Handshake

19. PROXEMICS
It is the study of how people use and perceive the physical space around them
Effected by the objects around you i.e., arranging of chairs / office and dress
Formal dressing / Informal dressing
Audience / Situation

20. Physical Space
For most of us, someone standing very close to us makes us uncomfortable. We feel our "space" has been invaded. People seek to extend their territory in many ways to attain power and intimacy. We tend to mark our territory either with permanent walls, or in a classroom with our coat, pen, paper, etc. We like to protect and control our territory.

21. Personal Space Categories for Those In the United States
Intimate distance
18”
Personal distance
18” to 4’
Social distance
4’ to 8’
8’ to 10’
Public distance

22. Physical Space
Public Zone
The "intimate zone" is about two feet. This zone is reserved for our closest friends.
The "personal zone" from about 2-4 feet usually is reserved for family and friends.
The “social zone” (4-12 feet) is where most business transactions take place.
The "public zone" (over 12 feet) is used for lectures.
Social Zone
Personal Zone
Intimate Zone

23. Physical Space
At the risk of stereotyping, we will generalize and state that Americans and Northern Europeans typify the non-contact group with small amounts of touching and relatively large spaces between them during transactions. Arabs normally stand closer together and do a lot of touching during communication.

24. Image
We use "things" to communicate. This can involve expensive things, neat or messy things, photographs, plants, etc. We use clothing and other dimensions of physical appearance to communicate our values and expectations.

25. EYE Contact Looking, staring, and blinking can also be important
nonverbal behaviors.
Our Eyes are most expressive part
Raising or Lowering our Eye brows, smiling, nodding & winking
Do not avoid eye contact while talking to your boss
Too much eye contact is perceived as aggressive, dominant and uncomfortable.
Effective persons maintain more eye contact than ineffective ones
Stare or fixed gaze suggest involvement or wonder or eye disapproval.
Raised looks show dominance.
Downcast looks suggest weakness and submission
Direct eye contact communicates honesty, transparency and neutral attitude.

26. PARALANGUAGE Paralanguage (sometimes called vocalics) is the
study of nonverbal cues of the voice. Various
acoustic properties of speech such as tone voice,
pitch, loudness, inflection etc.
The pitch, rate and volume make you sound
more expressive
Difference between Good intonation and mono- pitch
To develop an effective speaking voice…
use effective pitch
Speak with a correct rate and slowly enough so you can be understood
Express clearly like ‘Did you’ instead of ‘Didjya’ or ‘Want to’ instead of ‘Wanna’

27. Vocal
The meaning of words can be altered significantly by changing the intonation of one's voice.
Think of how many ways you can say "no“
you could express mild doubt, terror, amazement, anger among other emotions. Vocal meanings vary across cultures.

28. “You are doing a good job” Have you noticed the difference?
Example
“You are doing a good job”
say it in a way that clearly indicates that the employee is doing a great job.
say it in a way that indicates that the employee is doing a rather average job.
Have you noticed the difference?

29. NONVERBAL BEHAVIOR
INTERPRETATION
Brisk, erect walk
Confidence
Standing with hands on hips
Readiness, aggression
Sitting with legs crossed, foot kicking slightly
Boredom
Sitting, legs apart
Open, relaxed
Arms crossed on chest
Defensiveness
Walking with hands in pockets, shoulders hunched
Dejection, unhappiness, disappointment

30. NONVERBAL BEHAVIOR
INTERPRETATION
Hand to cheek
Evaluation, thinking
Touching, slightly rubbing nose
Rejection, doubt, lying
Rubbing the eye
Doubt, disbelief
Hands clasped behind back
Anger, frustration, apprehension
Locked ankles
Apprehension, worry, anxiety
Head resting in hand, eyes downcast
Boredom
Rubbing hands
Anticipation

31. Know Your Body Language

32. Eye Contact

33. Hand Shake

34. Closed Body Language

35. Not Interested In You.

36. Facial Expression
What to do!!

37. Facial Expression
Happiness!!!

38. Facial Expression
Anger!!!

39. Facial Expression
Fear!!!

40. Cultural difference in Non- verbal communication

41. What about this? Most of the world means “O.K”
In Iran means “extremely obscene” OR rude.
In Nigeria “Good luck”.
In Japan means “five”.
In Turkey means “political rightist party”

42. What about this? In Somalia means “ rude or dishonest sign”.
In some parts of Europe means “ private signal to show that something is joke”.

43. What about this? commonly means “everything is all right or perfect”.
In France means “worthless”.
Japan means “ money”.
In German means “ rude”.

44. What about this? In Brazil means “Good luck”.
Russia means “you get nothing from me”.
Yugoslavia means “you can’t have it”.
Turkey, Tunisia & Holland means “obscene”.

45. Who won the game of one-on-one basketball?