1. A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming
Mark G. Sobell
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

2. Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN 0-13-147823-0
Figure 4-1 A family tree
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

3. Figure 4-2 A secretary’s directories
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

4. Figure 4-3 Directories and ordinary files
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

5. Figure 4-4 The file structure developed in the examples
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

6. Figure 4-5 The mkdir utility
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

7. Figure 4-6 Relative pathnames
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

8. Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN 0-13-147823-0
Figure 4-7 Logging in and displaying the pathname of your home directory
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

9. Figure 4-8 cd changes your working directory
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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10. Figure 4-9 Absolute pathnames
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

11. Figure 4-10 A typical FHS-based Linux system file structure
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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12. Figure 4-11 Using mv to move names and temp
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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13. Figure 4-12 The columns displayed by the ls –l command
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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14. Figure 4-13 Using links to cross-classify files
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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15. Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN 0-13-147823-0
Figure 4-14 Two links to the same file: /home/alex/letter and /home/jenny/draft
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

16. Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN 0-13-147823-0
Figure 5-1 Using options
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

17. Figure 5-2 Processing the command line
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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Figure 5-3 The command does not know where standard input comes from or where standard output and standard error go
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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19. Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN 0-13-147823-0
Figure 5-4 By default, standard input comes from the keyboard and standard output goes to the screen
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

20. Figure 5-5 The cat utility copies standard input to standard output
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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21. Figure 5-6 Redirecting standard output
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN

22. Figure 5-7 cat with its output redirected
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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23. Figure 5-8 Using cat to catenate files
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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24. Figure 5-9 Redirecting standard input
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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25. Figure 5-10 cat with its input redirected
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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26. Figure 5-11 Redirecting and appending output
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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Figure 5-12 A pipe
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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28. Figure 5-13 Using a temporary file to store intermediate results
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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29. Figure 5-14 A pipe doing the work of a temporary file
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
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30. Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN 0-13-147823-0
Figure 5-15 Using tee
A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming © 2005 Mark G. Sobell
Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN