1. Research and Internet Technologies
9 March FSU
Geoffrey Fox
Florida State University
Department of Computer Science and
CSIT (School of Computational Science and Information Technology)
400 Dirac Science Library
Tallahassee
Florida
9/22/2018

2. Why do Research I? The outside world is moving with Internet Time
Not so many Universities are
So maybe you get out there and join this running tide ?
But with a masters degree, you won’t go into the leading projects
You will be answering questions from clients of Oracle 8i or even worse 7.x.y.z
You will be in a struggling e-commerce company with worthless stock options and abandoning its Java middleware as must cut resources on new developments
9/22/2018

3. Why do Research II?
Things get better but next time you look up, .net has taken over and you know nothing about it
Greatnewcompany.com won’t hire you
Industry is probably a better bet for most of you than academia but …
You need to be prepared to ride the bow wave of innovation
Understand the best technologies and understand why they are best
A PhD will prepare you best and always have value
9/22/2018

4. Why Choose Internet Technologies?
Computer science has many drivers but those parts driven by expanding technology or demand are best
The web gets bigger
Moore’s law says computers get more powerful
Gilder’s law says networks get higher bandwidth
So do research in areas where these advances will help you
Internet Technologies satisfy all criteria
They are the most remarkable distributed computing infrastructure
9/22/2018

5. Everything is a distributed system
From one PC to the IBM parallel supercomputer to the company intranet to the world
All our distributed systems
Networks of PDA’s PC’s Sony Playstations are all distributed systems
All software needs to be designed, written or rewritten as Internet technologies are more powerful and allow easier integration of capabilities such as databases in a more secure and functional environment
9/22/2018

6. Technology Trends and Principles
All performance and capability measures of infrastructure continue to improve
Gilder’s law says that network bandwidth increases 3 times faster than CPU Performance (Moore’s Law)
The Telecosm eclipses the Microcosm ….
George Gilder Telecosm : How Infinite Bandwidth Will Revolutionize Our World
(September 2000, Free Press; ISBN: , #146 in Amazon Sales Jan )
9/22/2018

7. Palm Tops help define Client Model
There is growing interest in wireless portable displays in the confluence of cell phone and personal digital assistant markets
By 2005, 60 million internet ready cell phones sold each year
65% of all Broadband Internet accesses via non desktop applicances
One needs to design web systems so they can be accessed from either a PDA or a PC or a Powerwall
This implies that only code in browser should be that immediately needed to relay events between user and web system – all “logic” (state) should be outside browser.
9/22/2018

8. Everything communicates by Messages
What have we learnt from parallel computing, clusters and the Internet?
Message Passing Rules …
Note an event is just a message with (an optional) time stamp and typically (but not necessarily) an active (interrupt) message processing paradigm
Message passing enables modularity, fault tolerance, distribution
9/22/2018

9. A Lesson from UNIX, Windows, Yahoo …
Structured information is always labeled as a hierarchy with symbolic links e.g. //A(home=root)/B/C/D ….
We have search engines for
unstructured information
Symbolic Links
9/22/2018

10. Everything is a Tree
Consider “world” as a bunch of trees with domain dependent extensions
documents, people, education, computers, events,transactions ….
This suggested by UNIX Windows Yahoo Governments ..
One must as always distinguish location from name from type of node
Location and name are in general distinct hierarchies
XML technologies RDF/Xlink/Xpath can identify an object component (value of an element) by hierarchical external location (URL) aor hierarchical internal name (URI)
9/22/2018

11. Napster P2P Hype Lessons
One wishes to enable “on the Internet edge” resources (computer cycles, files, users) to be linked together
Napster implements Web based NFS (Network File System) for self defining music objects (.mp3 has audio plus metadata)
Must provide the missing metadata for all the file types (.txt .doc .jpg etc.) which are not self defining
Thus MyXoS could implement general Napster like services
All objects (data, programs) must be self defining and self finding
Jini mechanism could be used to allow distributed meta-objects to federate together
You have lots of instances of MyXoS running on disconnected machines – each in charge of their own set of GXOS MetaObjects
Enabling network connections, these instances would announce themselves and “lease the metadata” under their control
9/22/2018

12. Collaborative P2P Grid Data base Pu blish Sub scribe
Collaborating Grid with
Redundant Server Network (Industry leader WebEx has 120 in 6 centers)
for persistence and routing (optimal software multicast)
Collab Server
Data
base
Pu blish
Sub scribe
Peer to Peer “Illusion”
Among collaborating clients
9/22/2018

13. MetaObject Event-based Computing Paradigm
All entities are MetaObjects defined in universal GXOS XML Syntax – Meta means GXOS doesn’t really want to manage Object, just information required to find, render and share it
Rendering includes Palm devices as well as PC’s
Entities are people, computers, data sources, information from , scientific visualization to digitized Bible
All actions including object changes are events – all events are GXOS objects
, paging etc. are all GXOS events uniformly routed/archived etc.
All action is instantiated or recorded in messages which are events themselves
All events are archived allowing actions to be undone and to be reviewed
There is an MetaObject Shell MyXoS with basic Services (copy, create, collaborate etc.)
Discovery etc. via Jini/Napster mechanisms
9/22/2018

14. Research Topics I
We are developing “the operating environment of future” with a focus on a particular area – collaborative P2P network for computing, research and education
How do represent meta-objects in memory and efficiently go from serialized (XML, persistent) form to Java data structures?
What is distributed bootstrap that allows all meta-objects to announce themselves?
What is architecture of the Semantic Web?
What services does MyXoS have?
What is security in MyXoS?
9/22/2018

15. Research Topics II
What is the authoring model for documents spanning Word PowerPoint Adobe Macromedia that is consistent with GXOS – need interoperable basic infrastructure
e.g. how do you prepare material for distance education – Blackboard is obviously wrong
What is model for collaborative computing
e.g. bunch of earthquake scientists linked to worldwide sensors and simulators as California breaks in two
What are key concepts/services for P2P computing
JXTA from Bill Joy
What is structure of MyXoS message service
What is server architecture supporting dynamic distributed clients?
9/22/2018

16. Research Topics III
What is MyXoSME (Micro Edition) for messaging, client server breakup, API
From Playstations to PDA’s to …
How does one build particular collaborative objects
Visualization, general shared display, web pages ..
What does a next generation physics experiment look like with a quadrillion objects?
Field made mistake of using object databases
What is audio/video conferencing structure and how do we replay; conferencing versus streaming formats
What is a modern Java/XML based parallel computing environment look like -- HPJava
9/22/2018

17. GXOS GNDI Structure I
Typically GXOS does NOT hold the object but rather all the metadata for object including where to find it
internalND (XML/EJB) defines where the metadata is (GNDI Garnet Naming/Directory)
externalND where the object is (JNDI Java Naming/Directory Interface or CORBA or COM or SOAP)
Idea used in WebFlow/Gateway portals – implies efficient as use natural high performance mechanisms for “real objects”
GXOS uses classic UNIX style directory structure such as //Education/University/FSU/CS/PhD/Course/Lecture
Structure says can handle quadrillion meta-objects //Jefferson/HallD/Run1/May132005/Tape5/Event1234/Detector3 …
Events are a special type of GXOS object defined with GMS Extension to basic hierarchical object
9/22/2018

18. GXOS GNDI Structure II
The more you know about an object, the easier it is to build a collaborative system
It is hard to share a general program as properties are not explicit
You put in GXOS metadata precisely those properties that need to be shared
All GXOS objects can be containers as well as having full object characteristics
Unlike UNIX where directories (only containers) and files (never explicit containers) are different
Can create a link (internalND pointer) with a profile to define special properties of this object in a new context
Intelligent symbolic links
One links User, Client Device to VE (Virtual Environment) with XML profiles mapping user to this session --> Universal Access
9/22/2018

19. See http://aspen.csit.fsu.edu/users/ozgur/docs/gxos/
GXOS Schema
See
9/22/2018

20. Overall Structure of GXOS for a MegaMeeting
Event Archive
Capabilities
Global Root
Users
Devices
Documents
Admin
Multimedia
Have a hierarchy of MegaMeetings (any collection of meetings)
MegaMeeting
Meeting
Meeting
Meeting
9/22/2018

21. Structure of GXOS For a Collaborative Session
Meeting
GNDI Links
An Application Supporting GMS
Users
Devices
GNDI Links
Sharedlets
Capabilities
Sharedlet1
Sharedlet3
Sharedlet2
VEa
VEb
VEc
VEa
VEb
VEc
VE is Virtual Environment
VEa
VEb
VEc
9/22/2018

22. Collaboratory Applications
Distance Education including advanced seminars and training
Help Desk including
Microsoft helping user debug problem on home PC (connected to Internet)
MSRC consulting staff interacting over distance in real time with a user with a program bug
Yahoo staff asking in depth questions from users browsing either their knowledge or Shopping sites
Scientists brainstorming difficult research issues in distributed locations
Virtual communities around the world from children chatting to each other or integration of distributed organizations (like ARL)
Indian Nation remaining in their homeland but participating electronically in modern economy (digital.indigineousworld.org)
Implementing next round of PET activities
Crisis Management and Command and Control for Military
9/22/2018

23. Goals and Features of Garnet
Support distance education, collaborative computing and building electronic communities
Uses desktop (HearMe VOIP, Polycomm) Conferencing or Access Grid at higher end
Garnet has a “low-end heritage”
Builds on lessons from Tango (Syracuse) and commercial NetMeeting WebEx Placeware Centra etc.
Integrate synchronous and asynchronous collaboration
Integrate concept of a portal (web interfaces to applications) with collaboration
Supports universal access including PDA’s collaborating with desktops
PDA Control of device or PDA alternative kiosk access gotten as a collaborative session between device and PDA
9/22/2018

24. Publish/Subscribe Collaboration
The web is full of objects – web pages sitting on web servers – and these support asynchronous collaboration
You post a web page and I later look at it in my own time
Replacing web document by a “CGI script” or servlet (web interface to program, database etc.) gives general multi-tier object sharing
This is Publish/Subscribe mechanism
If add some mechanism (automatic or word of mouth) to tell viewing client when new information is posted
We build on JMS (Java Message Service) as Industry standard for publish/subscribe systems
Synchronous Collaboration provides “real-time” notification and automatic update of changed objects
JMS seems fast enough to do real-time
9/22/2018

25. Global (distributed) Event Receptor (Queue)
JMS Structure
Global (distributed) Event Receptor (Queue)
PDA with JMS
Subscribe
PDA without JMS
HHMS
Publish
Convert Events to JMS
HHMS Optimized for
Performance. Assume complex (XML) processing done on “personal server”
JavaScript
Java
C …..
17 Nov 2000
9/22/2018

26. JMS (Java Message Service) Structure
Global (distributed) Event Receptor (Queue)
PDA with JMS
Subscribe
PDA without JMS
HHMS
Publish
Convert Events to JMS
HHMS (Hand Held Message Service) Optimized for
Performance. Assume complex (XML) processing done on “personal server”
JavaScript
Java
C …..
9/22/2018

27. Proposed GMS Model for Messages
Agent based messaging with server (broker) side intelligence and archiving
Database
Subscribes to all events to get persistence
Agent combines Message Properties Subscriber Requests to decide on message recipient
Central Knowledge
Server Message
Input Queue
Subscriber Profiles
GMS: Grid Message Service can be built on commercial JMS
Set via GMS
Publishers
All events in XML
Subscribers
9/22/2018

28. Garnet Architecture Underpinnings
All software written in Java (EJB); all data structures defined in XML GXOS
Unified Event Model – assume all systems communicate with XML based messages (possibly wrapped); universal rendering – portalML
All entities – client and server devices, users, programs -- defined in XML – resourceML
All events archived to enable fault tolerance and replay
GMS -- Garnet(Grid?) Message Service -- extends JMS to XML not text properties to allow server side intelligence
Assume clients can crash but servers persistent
9/22/2018

29. GMS Model for Messages
Agent based messaging with server (broker) side intelligence and archiving
Database
Subscribes to all events to get persistence
Agent combines Message Properties Subscriber Requests to decide on message recipient
Central Knowledge
Server Message
Input Queue
Subscriber Profiles
GMS: Garnet Message Service built on commercial JMS
Set via GMS
Publishers
Subscribers
9/22/2018

30. Important Concepts in Initial Garnet
Standard stuff: built in shared display, whiteboard, HearMe control, quizzes, annotations, chat (Jabber.org)
Must be able to record and replay all features of session (SMIL)
A/V, Presentation, Annotations, Text Chat
Developing SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) Shared Export
2D Scientific Visualization/Whiteboard
Macromedia (Flash~SVG) and Adobe (already)
Initial source of SVG: Convert PowerPoint VML to SVG
Would give shared export model for PowerPoint with each client able to scale independently at high resolution
Shared Java Server Pages for Gateway Computing Portal
“Universal Access” and support of Palm/Windows CE Clients
Java based MyProfessor or MyCommunity Yahoo Messenger like interface
9/22/2018

31. Typical Shared Information
Allow customizable “skins” in portalML
Allow auditorium participant interface as in Placeware
Control buttons for Audio/Video/Floor Control etc.
Lecture Page
superimposed on
a Java White Board
Annotations
(student, teacher)
Pointers etc.
Index Manage Info
Alert/ Raise Hands
Video or HearMe controls or …..
Invoke Quiz
Chat Room/IM
9/22/2018

32. Caltech JPL USGS JPL JPL JPL Boulder JPL disp page ALARM
WAKE UP!
quake location, size --
page
WAKE UP!
disp
disloc
JPL
sorted station potential --
modem
USGS
Dial Stations(and database)
station raw files --
page
JPL
GIPSY/auto_p
WAKE UP!
station motions --
JPL
simplex
disloc
JPL
single-fault model
--maps for
civil authorities
multi-fault model
Virtual_California
Boulder
(University of Colorado)
web simplex
JPL
--graphics
--refined fault model
collaboration
--graphics
--hazard model
9/22/2018

33. Shared map of faults/sensors
Shared Browser of
Simulation
Results
Will become
myACES
Chatroom
Shared map of faults/sensors
SCEC Demo (Sept 99)Collaboration in GEM
Earthquake Analysis System
Conferencing
9/22/2018

34. Collaborative Portal Collaborative myACES Data base Real Time control
Persistent Store of Earthquake Data
Data
base
Collaborative Portal
Simulations
Real Time control
And sensor data
ResourceML
Asynchronous Access
Store
Collaborative myACES
Real time Share
Synchronous Distributed Science
Personal Server
PortalML
“Client”
Web Page
HTML WML/WAP Rendering Standards
9/22/2018