1. Paleolithic Dates and Places: 30,000-9,000BCE Western Europe People:
Nomads
Hunter-gatherers
Two bison, ca. 15,000-10,000BCE. Fig. 1-3.

2. Paleolithic Themes: Survival Fertility Animals Forms:
Spotted horses and negative hand imprints, Pech-Merle, ca. 22,000BCE. Fig. 1-4.
Forms:
Anatomical exaggeration
Pictorial definition
Twisted perspective

3. Paleolithic Example: Portable Fertility figure Survival Exaggeration
Nude Woman (Venus of Willendorf), ca. 28,000-25,000BCE. Fig. 1-2.

4. Paleolithic
Hall of the Bulls, Lascaux, France, ca. 15,000-13,000BCE. Fig. 1-6.

5. Paleolithic Example: Deep in cave New tools Use of surface
Twisted perspective
Animals
Signs and representations of humans
Narrative?
Hall of the Bulls, Lascaux, France, ca. 15,000-13,000BCE. Fig. 1-6.
Rhinoceros, wounded man, and disemboweled bison, Lascaux, France, ca. 15,000-13,000BCE. Fig. 1-8.

6. Neolithic Dates and Places: 9,000-2,000BCE Western Europe, Near East
People:
Settled in villages
Farmers
Complex rituals
Stonehenge, ca BCE. Fig. 1-9.

7. Neolithic Themes: Human activity Building for community Forms:
Composite view
Mud brick and stone construction
Post-and-lintel
Monumental sculpture
Deer Hunt, ca. 5750BCE. Fig. 1-7.

8. Neolithic Example: Post-and-lintel construction
Monumental architecture
Megaliths
Astronomical observatory
Stonehenge, ca BCE. Fig. 1-9.

9. Ancient Near East People: City-states and empires Agriculture
Dates and Places:
BCE
“Fertile Crescent” of Mesopotamia
Ziggurat at Ur, ca. 2100BCE. Fig
People:
City-states and empires
Agriculture
Specialized labor and social hierarchies
Writing system
Complex religions

10. Ancient Near East Themes: Offerings Gods Warfare and hunting Rulers
Forms:
Mud brick construction
Natural and conceptual treatments of figures
Registers of space
Hierarchy of scale
Head of an Akkadian ruler, ca BCE. Fig

11. Ancient Near East: Sumer
Example
Ziggurat platform
Monumental mud construction
Temple for god on top
Cella for priests
Votive offerings placed inside
Ziggurat at Ur, ca. 2100BCE. Fig
Statuettes of two worshippers, ca. 2700BCE. Fig

12. Ancient Near East: Sumer
Standard
Of Ur, ca.
2600BCE.
Fig

13. Ancient Near East: Sumer
Example:
Burial good
Historical narrative on two sides
Offerings and ritual
Warfare
Registers of space
Hierarchy of scale
Standard of Ur, ca. 2600BCE. Fig

14. Ancient Near East: Akkad
Example:
Divine kingship and its attributes
Warfare
Cuneiform
Hierarchy of scale
Composite view
Organization versus disarray
Landscape
Victory Stele of Naram-Sin, ca BCE. Fig

15. Ancient Near East: Babylon
Example:
Law code
Cuneiform
King Hammurabi and god Shamash
Symbols of authority
Composite view with some foreshortening
Stele of Hammurabi, ca. 1780BCE. Fig

16. Ancient Near East: Assyria
Example:
Low relief sculpture
In palace citadels
Narrative scenes
Naturalism
Controlled hunt
Warfare and hunting to show ruler’s power
Period of constant warfare
Ashurbanipal hunting lions, ca BCE. Fig

17. Ancient Near East: Achaemenid Persia
Persepolis,
ca. 521-
465BCE.
Fig

18. Ancient Near East: Achaemenid Persia
Example:
Citadel complex
Home to king and court
Fortified and elevated
Monumental gateway
Audience hall (apadana)
Relief sculpture of processions
Influence of Greek art through trade
Destroyed by conqueror Alexander the Great
Persepolis, ca BCE. Fig