1. Daily Warm-up Tuesday, October 14th
What are the two stages of photosynthesis? What happens in each?
HW:
-Read 8.3 and 8.4
Turn in:
-Nothing

2. PHOTOSYNTHESIS!!!!
Other organisms than just plants can photosynthesize. What about the endosymbiotic theory?

3. Modes of Nutrition Obtainment
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
What are fungi?

4. Photosynthesis and Energy
Endergonic~ anabolic
Light provides the energy to store the energy in the electrons.

6. Properties of Light

7. C

8. Pigments Chlorophyll Carotenoids Most common
May broaden absorption spectrum
Photoprotection
What happens to electrons in chlorophyll?

9. Location of Photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Thylakoid
Stroma

10. 2 Stages of Photosynthesis
1. Light reaction (light-dependent)
Takes place in thylakoids
Requires water as electron donor
Oxygen is released as a byproduct
NADPH and ATP produced to be used by Calvin cycle
2. Calvin Cycle (light-independent)
Sugars produced
Takes place in stroma (fluid within chloroplast)

12. Light-Dependent Reactions
Needs sunlight
Produces water
Makes ATP and NADPH
Occurs in the thylakoids
Photosystems
Photosystem is cluster of proteins and chlorophyll- like a launch pad. Photosystem II and Photosystem I nm and 700 nm

13. Photosystem II Starting location of photosynthesis
Pigments excited when light reaches them
Electron passes through electron transport chain

15. Calvin Cycle Uses ATP and NADPH from light reactions to produce sugars
Produces a 3-carbon sugar
To do this, Calvin cycle must go around three times!
Requires 3 molecules of CO2
Similar to Kreb’s cycle, but opposite in results.

16. Phases Phase 1: Carbon Fixation
Attachment of carbon to pre-existing five-carbon sugar (RuBP)
Enzyme that does this: Rubisco!!!
Forms two 3-carbon sugars

17. Phase 2: Reduction ATP phosphorylates carbon molecule
NADPH stores energy in the new form
Becomes NADP+

19. Phase 3: Regeneration of CO2 Acceptor
Making remaining carbon back into RuBP
Loss of more ATP

21. Inputs and Outputs Light Reaction Input: Light Reaction Output:
Water, light, NADP+
Light Reaction Output:
ATP, oxygen, NADPH
Calvin Cycle Input:
ATP, NADPH, CO2 , RuBP
Calvin Cycle Output:
ADP, NADP+, 1 G3P
G3P= glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

22. Evolution of Photosynthesis
C3 Plants
C4 Plants
CAM Plants
C4 plants- make a 4-carbon sugar. Do better in hot areas
CAM plants- open up stomata during the night only