1. Today’s Agenda…
Bellringer: Make sure you are finished with your venn diagram/writing frame
Take up Venn diagram/Writing frame
Notes on The Periodic Table
Review worksheet from last Thursday (if we have time)

2. The Periodic Table
Study Pack #2

3. Who created the periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
Studied the elements to find similar chemical and physical properties
Arranged the elements by atomic mass
Mendeleev predicted the properties of some missing elements

4. The Periodic Table
Changes to the periodic table were made over the years
Especially in the 1900s when scientists learned about atoms and their particles
Chemists arrange the periodic table by atomic number

5. The Periodic Table
Most modern periodic tables show around 118 elements
About 92 of the elements on a periodic table occur in nature and all matter is made up of some combination of them

6. The Periodic Table
Each square of the periodic table includes the element’s
Atomic number
Chemical symbol
Name
Atomic mass

7. Inside the Squares Atomic Number Number of protons
Also tells you the number of electrons

8. Inside the Squares Chemical symbol
One capital letter or one capital and one lowercase letter
Examples: C, H, O, Cl, Fe, Ag
Some of the symbols are from the element’s Latin name

9. Element
Symbol
Latin name
sodium Na
natrium
potassium K
kalium
iron Fe
ferrum
copper Cu
cuprum
silver Ag
argentum
tin Sn
stannum
gold Au
aurum
mercury Hg
hydrargyrum
lead Pb
plumbum

10. Inside the Squares
Atomic Mass
Number of protons + neutrons

11. Organization of the Periodic Table
An element’s properties can be predicted by where it is located on the periodic table
This is why the periodic table is so useful
This is why the periodic table looks the same no matter where you find it!

12. Organization of the Periodic Table
Groups
Elements in columns (up and down)
Also known as families
1 – 18
Elements in groups have similar characteristics (just like you have similar characteristics to your family)

13. Organization of the Periodic Table
For example:
Group 1 are all metals that react violently with water
Group 11 are metals that react slowly or not at all with water
Group 17 react violently with elements in group 1
Group 18 elements rarely react at all

14. Organization of the Periodic Table
Periods
Elements in rows (across)
Hint: Think about the period being at the end of a sentence
The elements in periods are not alike in properties
There are still useful patterns
Metals become less reactive from left to right

15. Organization of the Periodic Table
Period 6 & 7 have elements separated out of the table
This is where those elements belong according to the properties

16. Why the table works
Recall that protons and neutrons are in the nucleus and electrons are outside of the nucleus
Electrons explain why some atoms bond to others to create compounds

17. Why the table works
Electrons in the outer part of the atom are called valence electrons
These electrons are shared or transferred (given away) when atoms of elements come together to make compounds

18. Why the table works
Elements have different numbers of valence electrons
Valence electrons increase from left to right on the periodic table
Elements in each group (or family) have the same number or arrangement of valence electrons