1. Produce a range of maps which illustrate the moving frontier, states and territories.
Student led debate on the positives and negatives of the moving frontier.
Students might create spider diagrams looking at Northern and Southern hopes in terms of the expansion of the USA.
Evaluation of the potential impact on the balance between North and South.
Evaluation of the impact of moving frontier on federal government.
Map work showing the expansion of the USA.
Research the origins and ideas of Manifest Destiny.
Source study on Northern and Southern hopes for Westward expansion and fears of what it may lead to.
Evaluate the concept of ‘Manifest Destiny.
Discuss: the tension created between the sections by Westward expansion. Students to carry out extra research into the frontier and Westward Expansion.
Extension task on exploring the impact of frontier on American culture.

2. Lesson 1
Manifest Destiny

3. Three brothers share a family sport: A non-stop marathon The oldest one is fat and short And trudges slowly on The middle brother's tall and slim And keeps a steady pace The youngest runs just like the wind, Speeding through the race "He's young in years, we let him run," The other brothers say "'Cause though he's surely number one, He's second, in a way."

4. 1800 frontier barely advanced beyond the Appalachian, Spain claims most of present day USA.

5. Key differences: number of states, Indian territory, Spanish states, Got to the Pacific Ocean, Move beyond Mississippi and Appalachian Mountains
Key questions: How might America have acquired this land? Why might have America felt the need to move westward?

6. By the end of this lesson, everybody will be able to
DESCRIBE westward expansion
ANALYSE the different reasons for westward expansion
ASSESS the impact of westward expansion

7. American Progress, a painting by John Gast (1872)
Who is moving, how they are moving, why they are moving, impact of them moving
Allegorical representation of the modernization of the new west. Personification of the United States, leads civilization westward with American settlers. She brings light from the East into the darkness of the West, stringing telegraph wire as she sweeps west; she holds a book that "represents learning and knowledge". The different stages of economic activity of the pioneers are highlighted and, especially, the evolving forms of transportation
American Progress, a painting by John Gast (1872)

8. Sheet and answer questions
John L. O’Sullivan, “Annexation,” The United States Magazine and Democratic Review 17 (July 1845)

9. American expansionism westwards
American exceptionalism
God’s plan for the American nation
Mass migration westwards
A policy linking the territory between the Atlantic coast and the Pacific
Which of these comes closest to being a definition of Manifest Destiny?
In the 19th century, manifest destiny was a widely held belief in the United States that its settlers were destined by God to expand across North America.

10. Pull factors Push factors
Do economic then look at other factors (Manifest Destiny = religious, transport = economic)
Read through pp.30-1, and list the economic ‘push’ and ‘pull’ factors for moving West

11. Federal intervention in westward expansion and its impact
Get students to bullet point Federal government intervention on the following bullet points
Land Policy p.28
Louisiana Purchase pp.28-9
Relations with Britain p.29
Florida pp.29-30
The Far West p34
Native Americans pp.36-39

12. Size of America
Federal Government
Tension between the East and West
Democracy in American Politics
Slavery
What was the impact of westward expansion on American culture? pp.34-35

13. Overall, what was the impact of westward expansion?
Negative
Positive
If students go towards small -
Overall, what was the impact of westward expansion?