1. Telecommunication Resources for Disaster Relief
Presentation for
ETSI
Partnership Project MESA
International Workshop on
Broadband Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks and Services
Sofia Antipolis, France
12-13 September 2002
Hal Folts
Senior Systems Engineer
Priority Services Team - Internet
9/22/2018

2. Disaster Strikes …earthquakes …hurricanes/typhoons
…and other major disasters
Natural and Man-made
Unexpectedly or slowly developing
Initial response by local emergency services
Followed by deployed emergency services
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3. Considerations
Public telecom services provide first level of immediate response, but supplemental capabilities essential to continue and strengthen disaster relief operations
Telecommunication resources limited due to infrastructure damage and excessive traffic
National authorities primarily responsible for mitigation, preparedness, prevention, and response capabilities and provide supplemental resources for relief support
International assistance when local capabilities are overwhelmed by the magnitude of disaster
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4. ATTACK ON AMERICA September 11, 2001 Traffic SOARED!
AT&T carried a record 431 million call attempts , 101 million more than busiest day … EVER
Record local traffic … 300 million Verizon calls NYC & Wash. , 2X normal … 10X overloads periodically
Cingular Wireless call attempts jumped 400% in Wash. and 1000% in NY
Verizon Wireless had 50% to 100 % increase nationwide
Cell network congestion caused severe decrease in wireless completion rates
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5. Recovery Experience Deficiencies!
Limited interoperability between local, state, and federal responder systems
Commercial services saturated – wire & wireless
LMR systems were most reliable, but not fully interoperable
No gateway between LMR systems and PSTN or Internet
Nisqually Earthquake
Localized Congestion
Minimal physical plant destruction
World Trade Center
Major national congestion
Major physical plant damage
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6. Telecom Capabilities Public services – TIPHON and 3GPP
Wire phones
Mobile phones
Internet
Public services – TIPHON and 3GPP
Wire phones
Mobile phones
Internet
Land Mobile Radio
Trunked Radio Systems - TETRA
Satellite links
Mobile broadband systems - MESA
Amateur Radio
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7. GETS Operational Concept
Provide Authorized Government Users With A Nationwide NS/EP Switched Voice And Voice Band Data Communications Service By Utilizing The Surviving Public Switched Network Resources Under A Full Range Of Conditions
FTS2001
MSS
DISN
PBX
PSN WITH:
ACCESS AUTHORIZATION
ENHANCED ROUTING
PRIORITY TREATMENT
Diplomatic Telecommunications
Service (DTS)
Cellular/PCS
INTERNATIONAL
FAX
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8. Nationwide Capability Coming
Dial * dest. # + send
Wireline
Network
Congestion: No radio channel Q
GETS Q
If dest is long distance…
GETS
Call gets to congested switch
*272 Dest#
Mobile Sw
Or… Q
If dest is mobile in another MSC…
Mobile Sw Q Q
WPS Caller moves while in Q
GETS Q Q
GETS
INCOM-ING
CALL
GETS
INCOM-ING
CALL
GETS
*272 Dest# Q
If dest is local mobile…
Q moves
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9. CDC-2001 Extract
The Second Tampere Conference on Disaster Communications, Tampere, Finland, May 2001
recognizing
The vital role of telecommunications in international humanitarian assistance
concerned
That the magnitude, complexity, frequency and impact of disasters continue to increase at a dramatic rate, especially in the developing world
invites
The ITU to study
... Operational aspects of emergency telecommunications call prioritization
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10. Issues Being Pursued USA ITU-T Functional Requirements
SG-2
SG-4
SG-9
SG-11
SG-12
SG-13
SG-16
SG-17
SSG
Functional Requirements
Telephony Call Control
Backbone Signalling
Quality of Service
Architecture/framework
Customer Service Management
Multimedia Services
Security
IETF
Protocol Framework
Telephony Call Control
Requirements
Quality of Service
Multimedia Services
Security
USA
T1A1
T1M1
T1P1
T1S1
TR-41
TR-45
3GPP2
Nationally agreed upon input into international bodies and specific issues relating to USA marketplace
ETSI
TIPHON
3GPP
MESA
Functional Requirements
Protocol Profiles/templates
Quality of Service
Architecture/framework
System Description
Security
TMForum
Service Level Agreements
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11. International Recognition
approved March 17, 2000
ITU-T Recommendation E.106
Description of the International Emergency Preference Scheme (IEPS)
Applies to PSTN, ISDN, PLMN
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12. Moving Forward
ITU-T Draft RECOMMENDATION F.706
INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY MULTIMEDIA SERVICE
(IEMS)
Expands IEPS with multimedia services provided by next-generation, packet-based networks
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13. ETS are collectively being referred to as
IEPS – International Emergency Preference Scheme – ITU-T Recommendation E.106
IEMS – International Emergency Multimedia Service – ITU-T Draft Recommendation F.706
are collectively being referred to as
Emergency Telecommunications Service (ETS)
ETS can then be used in either an international or national context
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14. Rich Menu of ETS Services
interactive voice (telephony)
video conference
video telemedicine
interactive white board
telemedicine telemetry
streaming audio and video
instant messaging and presence
File transfer
virtual reality imaging of disaster area
interactive database services for crisis management
interactive victim database (IAA)
electronic mail
interactive web access
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15. New ETS Work Items for Releases 4 & 5
TIPHON Initiative
New ETS Work Items
for Releases 4 & 5
WI Requirement Definition Study
Technical ETS features and objective to be fulfilled
WI System Description
How standards fulfill the ETS requirements
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16. ITU-T Umbrella Question
Qets/16
Emergency Telecommunications Service
Development of emergency telecommunications systems concept and a requirements definition for the many aspects being addressed by ITU-T Study Groups and other standards activities.
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17. Qets/16 Cooperation Close coordination & liaisons among:
ITU-T Study Groups – 2, 4, 9, 11, 12, 13, 16 , 17, SSG
ITU-R and ITU-D
UN Working Group on Emergency Telecommunications
Global Disaster Information Networks (GDIN)
ETSI – Projects MESA, TIPHON, 3GPP
Asia Pacific Telecommunity Standardization Expert Group on Public Safety and Disaster Relief Communications
User organizations – UN
Red Cross
others to be identified
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18. Qets/16 Deliverables Cooperatively develop:
An emergency telecommunications systems concept – first draft May 2003
An emergency telecom requirements Recommendation – first draft May 2003
A systems framework showing how various components support emergency telecom requirements – January 2004
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19. ieprep – IETF Working Group
Internet Emergency Preparedness Working Group
Two years of intensive effort to get IETF to recognize and address the ETS issues in their work
First meeting in March 2002 and has a very active exploder list for in-depth discussion and interaction on the ETS issues
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20. Integration and interoperation of disaster relief telecom capabilities
Challenge Ahead
Integration and interoperation of disaster relief telecom capabilities
Public services – TIPHON and 3GPP
Wire phones
Mobile phones
Internet
Land Mobile Radio
Trunked Radio Systems - TETRA
Satellite links
Mobile broadband systems - MESA
Amateur Radio
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21. Many Considerations Technical — solutions being sought: Operational
Industry networking standards that fulfill ETS requirements
Enhance ETS operations with value- added capabilities
Operational
Policy
Legal
Regulatory
9/22/2018

22. Let’s All Work Together
Merci Bien
Hal Folts
9/22/2018

23. Abbreviations ANSI = American National Standards Institute
ETS = Emergency Telecommunications Service
ETSI = European Telecommunications Standards Institute
IAA = I Am Alive
IEMS = International Emergency Multimedia Scheme
IEPS = International Emergency Preference Scheme
IETF = Internet Engineering Task Force
ISAC = Information Sharing and Analysis Center
ISDN = Integrated Services Digital Network
ITU-T = International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardization Sector
NGN = Next Generation Network
NS/EP = National Security and Emergency Preparedness
NSTAC = National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee
PLMN = Public Land Mobile Network
PSTN = Public Switched Telephone Network
SC = Telecommunications Service Customer
SP = Telecommunications Service Provider
TIPHON = Telecommunication and Internet Protocol Harmonization over Networks
TIA = Telecommunications Industry Association (N. America)
9/22/2018