1. Central Nervous System
Lecture 4: Chapter 7

2. Brain Functions Functions:
controls our body, receives information, analyzes information, and stores information (our memories).

3. Structure of the Brain 4 main parts Cerebral hemispheres Cerebellum
Brain stem
Diencephalon
Diencephalon

4. Cerebrum (Cerebral Hemispheres)
Made up of 4 lobes
Frontal
Temporal
Occipital
parietal
Split into 2 hemispheres
Right
left

5. Frontal Lobe Superior and anterior
Contains primary motor area that activates skeletal muscles
Contains Broca’s area
Specialized area that articulates speech

6. Temporal Lobe Lateral Contains Auditory area
Receives and interprets sensory information from the ears

7. Occipital Lobe Posterior Contains Visual area
Receives and interprets sensory information from the eyes

8. Parietal Lobe Superior and posterior Contains Somatic Sensory area
Produces sensations such as pain, cold, touch and pressure

9. Right Hemisphere Left Hemisphere Longitudinal fissure Corpus callosum
controls the left side of the body
Left Hemisphere
controls the right side of the body
Longitudinal fissure
Divides two hemispheres
Corpus callosum
connects cerebral hemispheres for communication

10. Location of Diencephalon
Interbrain, on top of brain stem
Enclosed by cerebral hemispheres
Structures of Diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

11. Thalamus
Relay station for sensory impulses going to sensory cortex in parietal lobe
helps recognize if sensation we are about to have will be pleasant or not

12. Hypothalamus ANS center
Regulates body temperature, water balance, and metabolism
Part of limbic system- controls emotions and drives

13. Brain Stem Pathway for ascending and descending tracts
Control vital activities and organs of body
3 structures of brain stem
Medulla oblongata
Pons
Midbrain

14. Medulla oblongata
Inferior portion of brain stem connects to spinal cord
Controls heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing and vomiting

15. Pons
Middle structure of brain stem
Involved in control of breathing

16. Midbrain Superior portion of brain stem
Contains reflex centers for vision and hearing

17. Cerebellum Posterior and inferior
Controls balance, equilibrium and coordination

18. Spinal cord Location: Function:
Extends from brain stem to lumbar region just below ribs
Enclosed within vertebral column
Function:
2 way conduction pathway to brain
Major reflex center