1. Development of the Colonies post-1650

2. Middle Colonies

3. New York/New Jersey 1664 – The British seize New Amsterdam
The 1,500 Dutch settlers were allowed to stay
1674 – West Jersey (New Jersey) – Quaker colony
Practice faith free from persecution
Tolerated other faiths, but promoted their own

4. Pennsylvania Colony (1680)
Proprietary colony – William Penn (devout Quaker)
45,000 acres west of the Delaware Ri.
It was established as a place of religious toleration
Penn promoted the colony and it attracted people.

5. Quaker Religion George Fox founder Inner Light Unique Beliefs
People are born innately good
People were social equals
Pacifists
Religious toleration
Equality of the sexes
They believed in being plain
Dress
Meeting houses where they worshiped
No ceremony to their lifestyle

6. Preachers of their Faith
Evangelical
Puritans did not appreciate this
Mary Dyer
She died at the hands of people who, ironically, came to America seeking religious freedom, yet were intolerant of other religions

7. Pennsylvania Economy
Farming - weather and soil were good for growing crops like wheat, rye & corn
Longer growing season than NE
Effective transportation route (Delaware R. )
Traded cattle, iron, grain, flour (America’s 2nd most valuable export) and furs
Commerce

8. Government Government led by Quaker leaders (Penn was governor)
Established religious toleration
Fair to Natives
Denounced slavery
Some owned slaves

9. The Scotch-Irish in Pennsylvania
Protestants from the borderlands of England
Rough people – moved to wilderness
No respect for native cultures
The Scotch-Irish had problems dealing with the government
Paxton Boys

10. East v. West - The Backcountry
Backcountry populated by poor like Scotch-Irish in all colonies
Had to deal with native Americans
Eastern capitals out of touch w/ western problems
Bacon’s Rebellion
William Berkeley

11. First Great Awakening Younger Generation (New lights)
Early 1700s – dry scholarly sermons (old lights)
Younger Generation (New lights)
Minimize denominations
Spoke “off the cuff” about different things
Edwards concentrated on damnation: “Sinners at the Hands of an Angry God”
George Whitefield about repentance and salvation
Major turning point in religious history
Involvement of lay- folks in church
Denominations brought closer
Conduct over creed (personal responsibility)
Link between FGA and revolution? .

12. Economic Management of the Colonies
Mercantilism
Navigation Acts (1651) - Help manage mercantilist economic system:
Examples
British captains and crews
European nations could not trade directly with the colonies
Certain commodities like sugar, tobacco could not be traded to other nations
England was a guaranteed market
Enforcement was lax up until 1763
Customs officials could be bribed

13. Salutary Neglect
England granted American colonies with a great deal of autonomy
Robert Walpole
Colonists became used to having autonomy, so when Britain tried to rein them in after the F-I War, there were issues.