1. Where & How was it Fought?
Early Cold War
Where & How was it Fought?

2. Communism vs. Democracy
Government ownership of property & industry.
Government provided healthcare, education, & housing.
No specific protection of rights & freedoms.
Democracy:
Private ownership of property & industry. (Capitalism)
Individual choice in healthcare, education, & housing.
Rights & freedoms protected under the law.

3. The Cold War: How was it fought?
Cold War: “conflict” between U.S. and Soviet Union ( ).
The two countries NEVER fought each other on the battlefield.

4. 1. Espionage Description: practice of spying or use of spies. Methods:
Military
Political
Methods:
Soviets: KGB
USA: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

5. Soviets Explode First Atomic Weapon (August 29, 1949)

6. 2. Arms Race
Description: competition to build the most effective and destructive atomic weapons.
Methods:
Hydrogen Bomb (1952)
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM)
Mutually-Assured Destruction (MAD)
NSC-68 (1950): increased pressure through massive military buildup.

7. 3. Space Race Description: competition for accomplishments in space.
Methods:
Soviets: first satellite & man in space (1957 & 1961)
USA: first to the moon (1969).

8. 4. Division of Europe
Description: ideological & physical boundaries between Communist East & Democratic West.
Methods:
West: North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
East: Warsaw Pact
“Iron Curtain”
Berlin Wall (1963)
“From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent…” Sir Winston Churchill, 1946

9. 5. “Winning Hearts & Minds”
Description: competition over developing nations around the world.
Communism or Democracy?
Methods:
Containment: stop the spread of Communism.
Truman Doctrine (1947): aid countries fighting Communism.
Marshall Plan (1948): re-build Western Europe after WWII.

10. Cold War Intro Assignment
Cold War Intro (P. 1-2)
Europe After WWII Outline Map (P. 3-4)

11. Early Cold War Conflicts
Where did we ALMOST go to war?
What conflicts are CONNECTED to the Cold War?

12. 1. Berlin Blockade & Airlift (April-May 1948)
Cause(s):
Soviets blockade West Berlin to force USA out.
Soviet & USA militaries stare each other down for a month.
Result:
Allied air crews supply city by air.
Soviets agree to re-open roads & train lines.

13. 2. Chinese Revolution (1949) Cause(s): Result:
Chinese Civil War ( )
USA backs ‘Nationalists’.
USSR backs ‘Communists’.
Result:
‘Communists’ win in 1949.
China becomes most populous Communist nation.

14. Korean War: Detecting Bias
Use the two textbook excerpts to answer the questions on bias.
We will discuss your responses as a class.

15. 3. Korean War (1950-1953) Cause(s): Result:
North Korea invades South Korea.
U.S. comes to the rescue.
Domino Theory: if one nation falls to Communism, others nearby will fall like ‘dominoes’.
Result:
Korea remains divided at the 38th parallel.

16. Joseph Stalin Dies (March 5, 1953)
“Whether you like it or not, history is on our side…we will bury you.”
-New Soviet Premier,
Nikita Khrushchev

17. Col. Francis Gary Powers’ plane was shot down over Soviet airspace.
U-2 Spy Incident (May 1, 1960)
Col. Francis Gary Powers’ plane was shot down over Soviet airspace.

18. The Berlin Wall Goes Up (August 1961)
Checkpoint Charlie

19. President Kennedy tells Berliners that America is with them.
“Ich bin ein Berliner!” (June 26, 1963)
President Kennedy tells Berliners that America is with them.

20. Cuba becomes Communist (1961)
Former U.S. ally becomes a Communist nation—90 miles off the coast of Florida.
President Castro and Soviet Premier Khrushchev

21. 4. Bay of Pigs Invasion (April 17-19, 1961)
Cause(s):
US-trained Cubans sent to overthrow Communist government.
Result:
US-trained Cubans defeated in 3 days.
US implicated in unsuccessful operation.

22. 5. Cuban Missile Crisis (October 1962)
Cause(s):
Soviets arm Cuba with nuclear missiles for “defense”.
American U-2 spy planes discover missile sites.
Result:
US initiates naval “quarantine” of Cuba.
Soviets eventually agree to remove all missiles.

23. M

24. Next…
Complete the notes summary in your unit plans. Be sure to fill as much space as possible! (10 points)
Complete the assignments on Pages dealing with the Cuban Missile Crisis.