1. World Geography 3200/02
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6.2 Population Growth

2. Overview
6.2.1 Compare the terms absolute population growth and population growth rate. (k)
6.2.2 Examine trends in the size and growth rate of the population of a selected region. (a)
6.2.3 Given relevant data, classify a country according to the demographic transition model. (a)
6.2.4 Classify a population growth rate as slow-, moderate-, or fast-growing populations. (a)
6.2.5 Relate a country’s rate of population growth to its socio-economic conditions. (a)
6.2.6 Describe some of the problems that result from overpopulation. (k)
6.2.7 Defend one’s views about the efficacy of controlling population growth. (i)

3. 6.2.1 Compare the terms absolute population growth and population growth rate. (k)
Absolute Population Growth: The actual change in population from one time period to another time period.
Example:
Sweden Population 1981 = 8,300,000
Sweden Population 1971 = 7,978,000
Absolute Population Change is:
8,300, ,978,000 = +322,000
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4. Population Growth Rate: Rate of change in the population
Population Growth Rate: Rate of change in the population. Measured as a ratio of the population change to the original population.
Population change x
100% =
Growth Rate
Original Population
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5. AGR = X 100% ÷ years for change Population Change Original Population
Annual Growth Rate (AGR): A measure of how fast a population is changing in size.
AGR =
Population Change
X 100%
÷ years for change
Original Population
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6. Mexico’s population changed from 49 million to 72 million between the years 1971 & 1981
AGR =
Pop. Change
X 100%
÷ years for change
Original Pop.
AGR =
million
X 100%
÷ 10 years for change
49 million
AGR = 4.7%
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7. Sweden’s population changed from 7. 9 million to 8
Sweden’s population changed from 7.9 million to 8.3 million between the years 1971 & 1981
AGR =
Pop. Change
X 100%
÷ years for change
Original Pop.
AGR =
8.3 – 7.9 million
X 100%
÷ 10 years for change
7.9 million
AGR = 0.5%
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8. 6.2.2 Examine trends in the size and growth rate of the population of a selected region. (a)
(1990)
Population (2010)
Change
AGR
North America
South America
Europe
Asia
Africa
Australia
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10. 6.2.3 Given relevant data, classify a country according to the demographic transition model. (a)
The Demographic Transition Model is a series of line graphs that show
how a population has changed over time
It takes uses changing birth rates and death rates to provide an indicator of
economic development
The model uses the link between the development of a country and the impact that development has on both birth and death rates.
The demographic transition model allows you to infer on a country’s development by
looking at birth and death rates
There are four distinct stages in the demographic transition model
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11. Stage 1: Pre Modern
The population in stage 1 of the demographic transition model is stable
There is a high birth rate and a high death rate. This creates a balanced
and stable population
Areas experiencing stage 1 have low education,
low standard of living, low life expectancy
Areas experiencing stage 1 are not developed, and have few services
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12. Stage 2: Industrialization and Urbanization
Stage 2 of the demographic transition model shows an increase in population
The major change is a decrease in the death rate
As medical care improves the life expectancy of the people increases
Education however does not yet improve so birth rates continue to
stay high
This creates a population increase
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13. Stage 3: Mature Industrial
Stage 3 of the demographic transition model shows a growing population, that is beginning to stabilize
The birth rates start to decrease to match the death rate which brings the population under control
This is what you would see in countries that have recently become developed nations (China)
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14. Stage 4: Post Industrial
Stage 4 of the demographic transition model shows a stable population.
Birth rates and death rates have stabilized at lower levels
The population structure is generally older
This can be found in highly developed nations like the United States, Sweden, United Kingdom and Canada
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15. Limitations of the model
1. The model was developed after studying the experiences of countries in Western Europe and North America. Conditions might be different for LEDCs in different parts of the world.
2. The original model doesn't take into account the fact that some countries now have a declining population and a 5th stage. Most texts will now show this stage as it is relevant to an increasing number of MEDCs in the 21st century.
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16. 6.2.4 Classify a population growth rate as slow-, moderate-, or fast-growing populations. (a)
Three categories of growth rates.
They distinguish among slow, fast and moderately growing populations.
Fast growing:
AGR > 2%
Moderately growing:
AGR approx. = 2%
Slow growing:
AGR < 2%
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17. 6.2.5 Relate a country’s rate of population growth to its socio-economic conditions. (a)
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18. 6. 2. 6 Describe some of the problems that result from overpopulation
6.2.6 Describe some of the problems that result from overpopulation. (k)
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19. 6.2.7 Defend one’s views about the efficacy of controlling population growth. (i)
More money = better education = better jobs = financial restraints = How so? need for contraception = population control.
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20. Population Control
Legislation by government could make it illegal to have more than a certain number of babies.  Is that humane?  How do we ensure the correct number.  What is done with children over the limit? 
Some people have proposed that war and famine used to be our natural means of birth control.  Is this an option?
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21. Population Control
Increasing education of the masses is correlated with decreased births.  Could we help to provide education in developing nations?  Is that humane?
Pension plans & RRSP's allow us to be secure into our old age and we do not have to worry about having children to take care of us.  Is this something we could promote in under-developed nations?
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22. Population Control
We know that education of women is correlated with decreased births.  Is the education of women something we could promote?
Could we provide less expensive birth control for developing nations?
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23. Population Control Highly developed economies are associated
with decreased birth rates. 
Should we concentrate on supporting improvements to their economies as an ultimate route to controlling birth rates?
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